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Pre-Pharm > A&PII: Lab 3: The Lymphatic System > Flashcards

A&PII: Lab 3: The Lymphatic System Flashcards

1
Q

Lymph

A

clear, yellowish liquid flowing in a 1-way direction toward the heart

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2
Q

Lymphatic vessels

A

lymph is transported by a system of these tubular vessels in a direction leading toward the heart

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3
Q

Primary lymphatic organs

A

organs containing stem cells that produce lymphocytes and serve as the site for their preparation to recognize unwanted substances and mount an immune response

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4
Q

Thymus

A

a primary lymphatic organ; soft, superior to the heart (larger in children, shrinks with age)

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5
Q

Red bone marrow

A

a primary lymphatic organ inside bones

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6
Q

Secondary lymphatic organs

A

contain WBC’s that are immunocompetent (ready to defend against unwanted substances

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7
Q

Lymph nodes

A

secondary lymphatic organs; small, pea-sized organs distributed along the lymphatic vessels in various regions of the body

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8
Q

Spleen

A

secondary lymphatic organ; soft organ located lateral to the stomach in the abdominal cavity

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9
Q

Lymphatic nodules

A

secondary lymphatic organs; clusters of lymphatic tissue that form aggregations throughout the body

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10
Q

Mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT)

A

one of the larger lymphatic nodules, found in the mucous membranes of the GI, respiratory, urinary, and reproductive tracts

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11
Q

Peyer’s patches

A

one of the larger lymphatic nodules; aggregated lymphatic follicles in the wall of the small intestine

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12
Q

Bronchial nodules

A

one of the larger lymphatic nodules; in the walls of the bronchi

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13
Q

Tonsils

A

one of the larger lymphatic nodules; found in the mouth and throat

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14
Q

Pharyngeal tonsil

A

tonsil in the posterior wall of the nasopharynx

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15
Q

Palatine tonsils

A

paired tonsils in the posterior oral cavity wall

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16
Q

Lingual tonsils

A

paired tonsils at the root of the tongue

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17
Q

Lymphatic capillaries

A

lymph originates when interstitial fluid finds its way into these microscopic, blind-ended structures

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18
Q

Lymphatic vessels

A

from the capillaries, lymph flows into these structures

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19
Q

Lymph nodes

A

as lymph flows in a direction toward the heart, it passes through numerous of these structures, which are stationed in regional locations within the lymphatic vessel pathway; filters lymph of unwanted materials due to the WBC’s residing within them

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20
Q

Lymphatic ducts

A

the lymphatic vessels channel lymph into these larger vessels, which eventually merge with the subclavian veins near the heart

21
Q

Thoracic duct

A

one of 2 major ducts; drains most of the body into the left subclavian vein

22
Q

Right lymphatic duct

A

shorter of 2 major ducts; drains into the right subclavian vein

23
Q

Cysterna chyli

A

the thoracic duct receives lymph from a convergence of abdominal lymphatic vessels forming this expanded sac

24
Q

Capsule

A

each lymph node consists of this outer fibrous connective tissue that includes trabeculae

25
Q

Trabeculae

A

internal extensions of the capsule of a lymph node, forming a network of tiny compartments

26
Q

Reticular tissue

A

connective tissue occupying the compartments of trabeculae within a capsule of a lymph node; contains protein fibers that support reticulocytes

27
Q

Reticulocytes

A

specialized fibroblasts supported by reticular tissue; their function is to support developing lymphocytes

28
Q

Cortex

A

outer section of the interior of a lymph node

29
Q

Medulla

A

inner section of the interior of a lymph node

30
Q

Lymphatic nodules

A

the cortex and medulla of a lymph node contain these, which contain large numbers of WBC’s (mainly lymphocytes and macrophages); usually ovoid in the cortex and narrow in the medulla

31
Q

Medullary cords

A

lymphatic nodules that are narrow in the medulla

32
Q

Germinal center

A

the center of each lymphatic nodule consists of this, which contains dividing lymphocytes

33
Q

Afferent vessels

A

lymph enters a node by way of these structures, which unite with the lymph node at its capsule

34
Q

Subcapsular sinus

A

once inside a node, lymph passes through this cavity, then enters the spaces between trabeculae

35
Q

Trabecular sinuses

A

cavities filled with reticular tissue and WBC’s

36
Q

Medullary sinuses

A

cavities into which lymph drains before exiting a lymph node

37
Q

Efferent vessels

A

lymph exits a node by way of 1 or 2 of these structures

38
Q

Hilus (lymph node)

A

the efferent vessels exit from this slight depression in a lymph node

39
Q

Splenic artery

A

the spleen receives a large supply of blood by way of this artery

40
Q

Splenic vein

A

the spleen is drained by this vein

41
Q

Hilus (spleen)

A

the splenic artery and vein merge with the spleen at a depression known as this

42
Q

Efferent lymphatic vessels

A

carry lymph away from the spleen

43
Q

White pulp

A

part of the spleen characterized by an abundance of WBC’s (mainly lymphocytes); appears dark purple under the microscope (due to nucleated cells –> nucleic acids)

44
Q

Red pulp

A

part of the spleen characterized by the abundance of RBC’s, due to its function of RBC storage; due to a lack of nuclei, this appears relatively light under the microscope

45
Q

Thymic lobes

A

the external capsule of the thymus extends inward to divide it internally into these 2 sections

46
Q

Lobules

A

each thymic lobe divides further into these numerous structures, each of which consists of an outer cortex and an inner medulla

47
Q

T cells

A

1 of 2 classes of lymphocytes; differentiate within the cortex of the thymus

48
Q

B cells

A

1 of 2 classes of lymphocytes; differentiate within red bone marrow

49
Q

Hassall’s corpuscles

A

the medulla of the thymus contains these distinctive structures, each of which consists of a circular arrangement of reticular cells

Pre-Pharm (182 decks)

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