ANTIMICROBIAL MEDS I Flashcards
M. tuberculosis
M. leprae
M. avium complex
these are examples of?
mycobacteria
major characteristics of mycobacteria?
natural barriers=resistance=difficult to treat
replicates slowly, dormancy
MOA
Binds to the DNA-dependent RNA polymerase to suppress chain formation in RNA synthesis; bactericidal against mycobacteria
antibacterial activity
rifamycin
rifamycin can treat? often seen in?
must be used with another agent, T/F?
disseminated mycobacterium avium complex
HIV patients
T
rifampin is an inducer, T/F? if so what?
what is a less potent inducer of CYPs?
yes
CYP3A4
rifabutin
red orange secretions is a adverse reaction of?
rare?
rifamycin
hepatotoxicity
thrombocytopenia
hypersensitivity
number one choice of drug for TB?
2nd choice?
rifamycin, then rifabutin, rifapentine, but used in combination with another agent also for infections involving a prosthetic
rifapentine
MOA
INH is a prodrug that gets activated in the bacteria by an enzyme encoded by KatG
active metabolite inhibits mycolic acid synthesis leading to cell wall disruption
antibacterial activity
isoniazid (INH)
isoniazid has antibacterial activity against?
drug of choice for?
M. tuberculosis
M. Kansasii
latent TB, also active too but in combination with other agents
main ADR of isoniazid?
must take how much pyridoxine daily? and to treat?
vitamin B6 deficiency
50 mg daily
peripheral neuropathy
optic neuritis
thrombocytopenia, anemia
BB warning for Isoniazid?
hepatotoxicity
most important idiopathic reaction of Isoniazid?
drug induced idiopathic reaction
a prodrug that gets converted to pyrazinoic acid inside the bacterium
lowers the pH of the local environment so that enzyme fxn is inhibited
antibacterial activity
pyrazinamide
PZA has antibacterial activity against?
M. tuberculosis
major ADR of PZA?
hepatoxicity
non gouty polyarthralgia
hyperuricemia
