CALCIUM CHANNEL BLOCKERS

Question 1

what are the classifications of the beta blockers?

Answer 1

dihydropyridine
nondihydropyridine
-benzothiazepine
--diltiazem (cardizem, Dilacor, tiazac)
-diphenylalkylamine
--verapamil (calan, isoptin, verelan)

Question 2

if its -pine ending, what classification is this?

Answer 2

dihydropyridine

Question 3

what are the important nondihydropyridine? 2 of them

Answer 3

diltiazem

verapamil

Question 4

affect of dihydropyridine?

Answer 4

all cause vasodilation and drop BP but do not decrease heart rate and contractility

Question 5

affect of nondihydropyridine?

Answer 5

decrease heart rate and contractility

vasodilation

Question 6

calcium channels are located?

Answer 6

throughout the body

Question 7

calcium is needed for?

Answer 7

cardiac contraction
SM contraction
pacemaker activity
AV node conductance

Question 8

what are the two main calcium channels?

Answer 8

L-type channels

T-type channels

Question 9

these calcium channels found in heart muscle and parts of the conducting system, smooth muscle, brain, adrenals and kidneys

Answer 9

L-type channels

Question 10

these calcium channels are found in blood vessels, adrenals, brain, kidneys, heart conduction system, and heart under pathological conditions like cardiomyopathy

Answer 10

T-type channels

Question 11

side effects of dihydropyridine?

Answer 11

headache, peripheral edema, flushing, reflex tachycardia

Question 12

side effects of diltiazem?

Answer 12

negative inotropic
nausea
bradycardia
dizziness

Question 13

side effects of verapamil?

Answer 13

negative inotropic
constipation
bradycardia
heart block

Question 14

main contraindications for dihydropyridine?

Answer 14

acute MI

acute stroke

Question 15

main contraindications for diltiazem and verapamil?

Answer 15

acute MI
heart block greater than first degree
heart failure
pulmonary edema

Question 16

main drug interaction in calcium channel blockers?

Answer 16

certain dihydropyridines have a food interaction with grapefruit juice

Question 17

Diltiazem/verapamil inhibits metabolism of:

Answer 17

carbamazepine
cyclosporine
digoxin
quinidine
theophylline

Question 18

this calcium channel blocker (immediate release capsules) has been used for rapid reductions in blood pressure and its risk outweigh the benefits

Answer 18

nifedipine

Question 19

these blocker types are reserved for first line therapy for angina in beta blocker intolerance

Answer 19

calcium channel blockers