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PHARMA I > LAST MINUTE CHOLINERGICS > Flashcards

LAST MINUTE CHOLINERGICS Flashcards

1
Q

anticholinergic

indications:
motion sickness used prophylactically

postoperative (IM,IV)

MOA:
blocks neural pathways from vestibular apparatus in the inner ear to the emetic center in the brainstem

A

scopolamine

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2
Q

anticholinergic

indicatons:
overactive bladder

MOA:
targets M3 receptor in bladder to relieve spasms

A

oxybutynin, trospium, solifencacin, darifenacin, tolterodine, fesoterodine

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3
Q

anticholinergic

indication:
bradycardia

MOA:
blocks M2 receptors on the SA nodal pacemaker cells

A

atropine

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4
Q

anticholinergic

indication:
Parkinsonism

MOA:
antagonizes ACh

A

Benztropine and Trihexyphenidyl

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5
Q

anticholinergic

indication:
IBS

MOA:
spasmolytic effects on the smooth muscle of GI tract

A

Dicyclomine and Hyoscyamine

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6
Q

anticholinergic

indication:
reduction of secretions/drooling (IV,IM,PO)

MOA:
anticholinergic effects inhibits salivation and secretion; causes bronchodilation

A

glycopyrrolate and atropine

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7
Q

anticholinergic

indication:
COPD

MOA:
blocks ACh in the bronchial smooth muscles leading to bronchodilation

A

ipratropium

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8
Q

anticholinergic

indication:
ophthalmoscopic examination of the retina

MOA:
causes mydriasis and cyclopegia

A

homatropine
atropine
tropicamide

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9
Q

name this histamine receptor:

smooth muscle, endothelium, brain

acute allergic responses

A

H1

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10
Q

name this histamine receptor:

gastric mucosa, cardiac muscle, mast cells, brain

GI gastric acid secretion

A

H2

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11
Q

triple response of the histamine?

A

red spot
flare response
edema

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12
Q

name this histamine antagonist

allergy, cold medicine, sleep aids, motion sickness, antiemetic

1st and 2nd generation H1 antagonist

A

H1 antagonist

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13
Q

name this histamine antagonist

peptic ulcer disease, GERD, ulcer prophylaxis, heart burn

famotidine, cimetidine, ranitidine

A

H2 antagonist

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14
Q

name this histamine generation

more sedation
well absorbed
shorter acting
more side effects
sedating
more anti-ACh effects
A

1st

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15
Q

name this histamine generation

much less sedation
well absorbed
longer acting
less side effects
little/no sedation
less anti ACh effects
A

2nd

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16
Q

name the histamine reaction:

Diphenhydramine, hydroxyzine, others like chlorpheniramine, brompheniramine

used of 2nd gen agents makes patients less drowsy

MOA:
antagonizes histamine effects on smooth muscle, blood vessels, immune cells

blocks muscarininc receptors

A

allergies and allergic reactions

17
Q

name the histamine reaction:

diphenhydramine
dimenhydrinate
promethazine
miclizine

antimuscurinic effects suppresses vestibular end organ receptors and inhibits activation of central cholinergic pathways

A

motion sickness and vestibular disturbances

PHARMA I (138 decks)

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