Vasculitis Flashcards
Vasculitides can be primary, in which __________; or secondary, in which _________.
they occur without any concurrent symptoms or syndromes; they are second to another disease, such as HCV, HBV, endocarditis, SLE, RA, drug hypersensitivity, or Sjogren’s
Claudication is _________.
cramping caused by obstructed arteries
There are two kinds of large vessel vasculitis: ___________.
giant cell arteritis and Takayasu’s arteritis
Giant cell arteritis is characterized by _________.
temporal artery involvement and involvement of the other branches of the aortic arch; headache, jaw claudication, visual loss, and scalp tenderness
Takayasu’s arteritis is characterized by ________.
claudication of the upper extremities more than the lower, granulomatous panarteritis, and CNS events
The two medium vessel vasculitis disorders are ___________.
Kawasaki’s and polyarteritis nodosa
Polyarteritis nodosa is characterized by _________.
small and medium vessel involvement; may affect any organ, but skin, joints, nerves, gut, and kidneys most commonly; predilection for artery bifurcation
Descrbie Kawasaki’s.
Primaryily affects young children; febrile illness; mucocutaneous changes; cervical lymphadenopathy; polymorphous rash; erythema of hands and feet; strawberry tongue; coronary involvement
The three ANCA (antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody) positive small-vessel vasculitis disorders are __________.
granulomatosis with polyangiitis, eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis, and microscopic polyangiitis
What are the three ANCA-negative small vessel vasculitis disorders?
Henoch-Schonlein Purpura, essential cryoglobulinemia, cutaneous leukocytoclastic angiitis
Some common clinical presentations of vasculitis are ___________.
skin lesions, anorexia, fever, fatigue, arthralgias, arthritis, myalgias,
Lab values suggestive of vasculitis are _________.
those that correlate with systemic inflammation: high CRP, thrombocytopenia, anemia, elevated ESR, and polyclonal gammopathy
Mean age of onset is _________.
fifth decade
How does ANCA lead to vasculitis?
Neutrophils release granules in response to inflammation, and the antibodies attack those, leading to widespread inflammation.
How is vasculitis treated?
Treat the underlying cause (drug hypersensitivity, infection) and then give glucocorticoids or rituximab.
