Lesson 11 (Part 1)

Question 1

Are kidneys intro or retroperitoneam?

Answer 1

Retroperitoneum

Question 2

Why does the left kidney sit a little higher in the body than the right kidney?

Answer 2

Because the right lobe of the liver come slower down pushing the right kidney a little more inferior

Question 3

What 2 muscles are posterior to the kidneys?

Answer 3

1. Psoas

2. Quadratus Lumborum

Question 4

What is the QL also known as?

Answer 4

Kidney bed

Question 5

Where does the liver lay compared to the right kidney?

Answer 5

Superior and anterior

Question 6

Where does the spleen lay compared to the kidney?

Answer 6

Superior

Question 7

What are the 4 external layers of the kidneys?

Answer 7

1. Renal capsule
2. Perirenal fat
3. Gerota’s fascia
4. Pararenal fat

Question 8

Renal capsule

Answer 8

Tough fiberous capsule

Question 9

Perirenal fat

Answer 9

Surrounds the renal capsule

Question 10

Gerota’s fascia

Answer 10

Anchor’s the kidney

Question 11

Why do kidneys need lot of protection?

Answer 11

Because it has a lot of vascular components

- so if you get in an accident you could lose a lot of blood

Question 12

What are 2 other names for the renal capsule?

Answer 12

1. True capsule

2. Fibrous capsule

Question 13

What are 2 other names for perinephric fat?

Answer 13

1. Adipose capsule

2. Packing fat of Zuckerland

Question 14

What are 2 other names for fascia of Gerota?

Answer 14

1. Perirenal fascia

2. Perinephric fascia

Question 15

What is another word for pararenal fat?

Answer 15

Pararenal body

Question 16

What are the 4 retroperitoneal spaces?

Answer 16

1. Anterior pararenal space
2. Perirenal space
3. Retrorenal space
4. Posterior pararenal space

Question 17

Anterior pararenal space

Answer 17

Fat area between the posterior peritoneum and Gerota’s fascia

Question 18

What other organs does the anterior pararenal space? (5)

Answer 18

1. Pancreas
2. Descending portion of the duodenum
3. Ascending/descending colon
4. Superior mesenteric vessels
5. Inferior portion of the CBD

Question 19

Posterior pararenal space

Answer 19

Space between the Gerota’s fascia and the posterior abdominal wall muscles

Question 20

What does the posterior pararenal space contain? (3)

Answer 20

1. Iliopsoas and QL muslces
2. The posterior abdominal wall
3. Fat and nerves

Question 21

Perirenal space

Answer 21

Space separated from the pararenal space by Gerota’s fascia

Question 22

What does the perirenal space contain? (6)

Answer 22

1. Kidneys/adrenal glands
2. Perinephric fat
3. Ureters
4. Renal vessels
5. Aorta/IVC
6. Lymph nodes

Question 23

What do perirenal fat and pararenal fat do?

Answer 23

Accommodate movement during respiration

Question 24

What 2 areas is the kidney divided into?

Answer 24

1. Renal parenchyma

2. Central sinus

Question 25

What is contained in the renal parenchyma? (2)

Answer 25

1. Cortex

2. Medulla

Question 26

What is contained in the central sinus? (2)

Answer 26

1. Renal sinus

2. Renal hilum

Question 27

Renal cortex

Answer 27

Outer portion

- most superficial layer

Question 28

Medulla

Answer 28

Deeper layer of the parenchyma

Question 29

What does the medulla fold into?

Answer 29

Projections called renal pyramids

Question 30

How many renal pyramids are within the medulla?

Answer 30

8-18

Question 31

What are the areas between the pyramids called?

Answer 31

Renal columns