Lesson 12 (Part 2) Flashcards

1
Q

What is transient pyelectasis considered to be?

A

Normal

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2
Q

When can transient pyelectasis happen?

A

When patients drink lots of water

- well hydrated

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3
Q

What happens to the calyces and pyramids in transient pyelectasis?

A

They become more anechoic and more prominent

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4
Q

How is transient pyelectasis resolved?

A

After emptying the bladder

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5
Q

What does it mean if the whole collecting system is anechoic?

A

Its not normal

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6
Q

What is it called when its opposite from transient pyelectasis?

A

Hydronephrosis

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7
Q

What are the 3 sets of kidneys in the embryo?

A
  1. Pronephros
  2. Mesonephros
  3. Metanephros
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8
Q

When does pronephroni occur?

A

Early in the 4th week gestation

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9
Q

What happens in pronephros? (2)

A
  1. Rudimentary
  2. Nonfunctioning
    - use less kidneys
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10
Q

When does mesonephroni occur?

A

Late in the 4th week gestation

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11
Q

What does mesonephroni do?

A

Functions as the interim kidneys

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12
Q

What are metanephroi considered?

A

The permanent kidneys

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13
Q

What are the 2 sources where metanephroi develop from?

A
  1. Ureteric bud

2. Metanephrogenic blastema

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14
Q

What comes from the ureteric bud? (4)

A
  1. Ureter
  2. Renal pelvis
  3. Calices
  4. Collecting ducts
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15
Q

What does the ureteric bud interact and penetrates with?

A

The metanephrogenic blastema

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16
Q

Where do the kidneys travel from?

A

The pelvis to the right upper quadrant

17
Q

How much do the kidneys rotate as they travel?

A

90 degrees

18
Q

What are the normal variants associated with kidneys? (4)

A
  1. Hypertrophied column of Bertin
  2. Extra renal pelvis
  3. Junctional cortical (parenchymal) defect
  4. Dromedary hump
19
Q

HCB

A

Hypertrophied column of Bertin

20
Q

Hypertrophied column of Bertin

A

Normal structures seen in the renal cortical tissue that causes renal pseudo tumour

21
Q

Extra renal pelvis

A

Chamber where all urine forming ducts meet before transmitting the formed urine via a long tube, ureter, to the urinary bladder

22
Q

Junctional cortical (parenchymal) defect

A

Is a triangular or linear hyperechoic structure in the anterior/superior or posterior/inferior surface of the kidney. The intermediate septum is a band-like cortex, running obliquely in the central echo complex

23
Q

Dromedary hump

A

Is a prominent focal bulge on the lateral border of the left kidney caused by splenic impression, which can mimic renal neoplasm

24
Q

Where is HCB seen easier?

A

Sagittal

- equal on both sides

25
Q

Where is the extra renal pelvis seen easier?

A

Transverse

26
Q

Where is the junctional cortical (parechymal) defect seen easier?

A

Sagittal

- on the right side

27
Q

Where is dromedary hump seen easily?

A

Sagittal

- on the left