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Normal Anatomy > Lesson 17 (Part 4) > Flashcards

Lesson 17 (Part 4) Flashcards

1
Q

What is an advantage of using TRUS to examine the prostate?

A

Closer distance and higher frequency so you get a better resolution

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2
Q

What is a disadvantage of using TRUS?

A

You are not able to distinguish between the 4 zones

- the zones have similar echotexture

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3
Q

What 2 glands make up the prostate?

A
  1. Inner gland

2. Outer gland

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4
Q

What does the inner gland of the prostate consist of? (3)

A
  1. Transitional
  2. Anterior fibromuscular stroma glandular tissue
  3. Internal urethra sphincter
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5
Q

What does the outer gland of the prostate consist of? (2)

A
  1. Peripheral zone

2. Central zone

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6
Q

What is the outer gland sometime referred to as?

A

Peripheral

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7
Q

What is the echotexture of the outer gland?

A

Homogenous

- uniform

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8
Q

What is the echogenicity of the outer gland?

A

Slight more echoic than the inner gland

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9
Q

What is the inner gland sometimes referred to as?

A

Central

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10
Q

What is the echogenicity of the inner gland?

A

Hypoechoic

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11
Q

What is the echotexture of the inner gland?

A

Heterogeneous

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12
Q

What can the prostate volume be converted to?

A

Weight

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13
Q

What does the surgical capsule separate?

A

The inner and outer gland

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14
Q

What is not always seen in young males?

A

The surgical capsule

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15
Q

What is the fact about the surgical capsule?

A

Traditionally when urologists resected the prostate they believed they dissected to this line
- it is not a true capsule

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16
Q

What is the outer margin of the prostate?

A

The prostate capsule

- not a true membranous capsule

17
Q

What is there a clear interface of in the exterior prostate gland?

A

Between the prostate and the periprostatic fat

18
Q

What is the exception with the posterolateral margin?

A

It appears ragged

19
Q

What does colour doppler appear as for the prostate?

A

Mildly to moderately vascular

- symmetry

20
Q

What is the echogenicity of the seminal vesicles?

A

Relatively hypoechoic

21
Q

What is the sonographic appearance of the seminal vesicle?

A

Multiseptated structures

22
Q

Where is the vas deferens see adjacent to?

A

The seminal vesicles

- VD is more medial

23
Q

What is a normal variant of the prostate? (3)

A
  1. Benign ductal ectasia
  2. Prostatic calcifications
  3. Corpora amylacea
24
Q

Benign ductal ectasia

A

Is a condition in older men that is caused by atrophy and dilation of the prostatic ducts
- visible as single or grouped (1-2mm diameter)

25
Q

What is prostatic calcifications more common with?

A

Advancing age

26
Q

Prostatic calcifications

A

Bright echogenic foci or clumps in the prostate

27
Q

Corpora amylacea

A

Proteinaceous debris

- attenuation prevents TRUS

28
Q

Is there any clinical significance to corpora?

A

No

29
Q

Is corpora amylacea palpable?

A

No

Normal Anatomy (47 decks)

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