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Normal Anatomy > Lesson 15 > Flashcards

Lesson 15 Flashcards

1
Q

What side of the adrenal gland is harder to see?

A

The left side

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2
Q

Where do the adrenal glands sit?

A

Superior/medial aspect of the kidney

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3
Q

What is the right adrenal gland located between?

A

The IVC and the upper pole of the kidney near the liver

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4
Q

Where is the left adrenal gland located near? (2)

A
  1. Diaphragm

2. Superior posterior border of the spleen

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5
Q

What are the adrenal glands also known as?

A

Suprarenal glands

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6
Q

What 2 main parts is the kidney divided into?

A
  1. Cortex

2. Medulla

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7
Q

How many layers make up the cortex?

A

3

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8
Q

What is the endocrine tissue of the cortex made up of?

A

Corticosteroids

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9
Q

What tissue makes up the medulla?

A

Neurosecretory tissue

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10
Q

What does the medulla contain?

A

Catecholamines

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11
Q

Catecholamines

A

Aromatic amines that includes a number of neurotransmitters such as epinephrine and dopamine

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12
Q

What is on the outside of the cortex?

A

Capsule

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13
Q

What 3 layers make up the cortex?

A
  1. Zona glomerulosa
  2. Zona fasciculata
  3. Zona reticularis
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14
Q

What is the innermost layer of the cortex?

A

Zona reticularis

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15
Q

What is the middle layer of the cortex?

A

Zona fasciculata

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16
Q

What is the outermost layer of the cortex?

A

Zona glomerulosa

17
Q

What does the layer zona glomerulosa make?

A

Mineralocorticoids

18
Q

What does the layer zona fasciculata make?

A

Glucocorticoids

19
Q

What does the layer zona reticularis make?

A

Gonadocorticoids

20
Q

What are 2 functions of the adrenal glands?

A
  1. Regulates homeostasis in the body

2. Helps with sodium and water balance

21
Q

What response do adrenal glands take part in?

A

Fight or flight response

22
Q

What do you test for with an adrenal gland lab test? (2)

A
  1. Aldosterone

2. Cortisol

23
Q

What do abnormal values of cortisol and aldosterone indicate?

A

Problems with the adrenal glands

24
Q

Why do we not routinely image the adrenal glands? (2)

A
  1. Difficult to visualize

2. Small size

25
Q

Why is it important to know the location of the adrenal glands?

A

If abnormal it can be identified using an ultrasound

- left side is hard to visualize

26
Q

What does a normal sonographic appearance of an adrenal gland look like if seen in an adult?

A

This hypoechoic layer separated by hyperchoic layers

27
Q

Where are the adrenal glands seen better?

A

In pediatric patients

28
Q

What is the shape of the adrenal glands?

A

Pyramid shaped

29
Q

Where should you look to located the right adrenal gland when scanning in transverse?

A

Between the upper pole of the kidney and the IVC

Normal Anatomy (47 decks)

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