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Microbiology And Immunology > Virus Structure And Transmission > Flashcards

Virus Structure And Transmission Flashcards

1
Q

What are the 4 components of most viruses

A

Viral genome
Capsid
Envelope (lipid bilayer)
Surface proteins/spike

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2
Q

Which part of the virus components aren’t present in all viruses

A

Lipid bilayer envelope

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3
Q

What are viruses called because they only grow inside host cells

A

Obligate intracellular parasites

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4
Q

What is a virion

A

A virus particle

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5
Q

What makes up the capsid

A

Capsomere proteins

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6
Q

What does a true virus contain many copies of

A

Nucleic acid and proteins eg capsomeres

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7
Q

What is a nucleocapsid

A

Genome encased inside capsid

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8
Q

Which virus is the smallest

A

Polio

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9
Q

What is the largest virus

A

Pox

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10
Q

What are the 5 types of virus forms

A

Naked icosahedral

Naked helical

Enveloped icosahedral

Enveloped helical

Complex virus

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11
Q

What do naked icosahedrals and naked helicals not have

A

Envelope

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12
Q

How are viruses classified

A

Via size and shape

Via their infection site

Baltimore (how genome produces mrna and replicates)

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13
Q

Name the 3 modes of transmission between organisms

A

Horizontal (person to person)

Vertical (mother to child)

Zoonotic (animal to human)

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14
Q

Which 5 routes can horizontal transmission occur

A

Oral - faecal

Respiratory (inhalation)

Sexual transmission

Urine

Mechanical (blood products)

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15
Q

How does respiratory horizontal transmission occur

A

Droplets can be inhaled or transmitted from surfaces into eyes, mouth and nose

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16
Q

What happens to particles like influenza which is respiratorily transmitted if they get into surfaces

A

They become dessicated eventually if not transmitted to another host

17
Q

Name some viruses from sexual transmission

A

Hiv

Herpes

Hepatitis B

18
Q

Which virus can be spread in urine and oral faecal

A

Polio

19
Q

How does mechanical transfer work

A

Blood transfusions, piercings, tattoos

20
Q

Which 2 viruses spread mechanically in blood

A

Hiv and hepatitis C

21
Q

Which 3 ways does vertical transmission occur

A

Via placenta

Birth transmission (perinatal)

Post natal after birth

22
Q

Give an example of a perinatal disease

A

Herpes

23
Q

Give an example of disease post natal

A

Hiv in milk from mother

Or hepatitis B from saliva

24
Q

What is the primary host/ reservoir in zoonotic transmission

A

Animal in which the virus replicates in

25
Q

What is the animal called which transmits the virus

A

Vector eg mosquito

26
Q

How can yellow fever infect us via zoonotic transmission

A

Reservoir in monkeys

Transferred to mosquitoes

Transfer it to us (vector)

27
Q

Can the reservoir and vector be the same animal

A

Yes

Microbiology And Immunology (33 decks)

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