Exam 3, Chapter 9

Question 1

What is another name for “systems of stratification”?

Answer 1

Social layers of hierachy

Question 2

What are the three systems of stratification?

Answer 2

1. Slavery
2. Caste
3. Social classes

Question 3

Details of slavery, one of three systems of stratification

Answer 3

• most extreme form

- individuals are owned by other people and are treated as property

Question 4

Details of Caste, one of three systems of stratification

Answer 4

-Hereditary systems of rank, usually religiously dictated which tends to be fixed and immobile

Question 5

Details of social classes, one of three systems of stratification

Answer 5

-social ranking based primarily on economic position

Question 6

What did Marx’s concept of class focus on?

Answer 6

Conflicts among social classes

Question 7

True or false

Marx believed differences between classes are based on economics and property

Answer 7

true

Question 8

True or false

Marx believed some societies in history have many classes but modern society only has 3 classes

Answer 8

False

Marx thought modern society has 2 classes

Question 9

definition of class

Answer 9

by means of production everything that produces wealth (land, machinery, tools) except labor

whether or not you control means of production determines your class*

Question 10

What are the two types of classes in Marx’s opinoin

Answer 10

bourgeoisie and proletariat

Question 11

Describe the bourgeoisie

Answer 11

“owner class” -owns means of production

Question 12

Describe the prolatariat

Answer 12

workers, labor, who don’t own property

Question 13

Why didn’t Marx think there wasn’t a middle class?

Answer 13

Because the supposed middle class would be nothing more than better paid slaves

Question 14

What is class consciousness

Answer 14

lower class will not unite to resist those in power until they become aware of their common interest, their common enemy, the bougeoisie

Question 15

Describe the 5 class model

Answer 15

1. upper class (1-2% of wealthiest)
2. Upper middle class (10-15% wealthy professionals)
3. Lower middle class (30-35% affluent professions or uneducated)
4. Working class (40-45% labor or blue collar)
5. Lower class (20-25% minority ethnic group, single parent who can’t find job)

Question 16

What is Weber’s view of stratisfication

Answer 16

there’s no single characteristic that totally defines one’s position in the class system

Question 17

What are the three components to Weber’s view of stratification

Answer 17

1. property/class
2. prestige/status
3. power/party

Question 18

What is status inconsistency

Answer 18

those whose status is inconsistent will be more frustrated and dissatisfied

Question 19

What does Mosca say about inequality

Answer 19

Yes, it is inevitable. People must have political structure because they require inequality of power. Those with power will exploit others to gain advantage

Question 20

What does Davis/Moure say about inequality

Answer 20

yes, it is inevitable. It’s necessary for functionalists

Question 21

What does Marx say about inequality

Answer 21

no, it doesn’t exist because we are all one class

Question 22

What is social mobility

Answer 22

upward and downward movement within a stratification system

Question 23

What does social mobility depend on?

Answer 23

1. rules governing how we keep our position
2. achieved status rules/based on merit
3. ascribed status rules/family, personality

Question 24

What are the two types of social mobility

Answer 24

1. structural

2. exchange

Question 25

Describe structural mobillity

Answer 25

movement between classes due to changes in the number of upper and lower class positions
        Ex: cultural advances in tech may open up high paying tech jobs

Question 26

Describe exchange mobility

Answer 26

movement between classes due to positions opening at the top from downward mobility
Ex: CEO getting fired so a spot opens up

Question 27

Who did Marx put underneath the lumpenproletariat group?

Answer 27

People who were marginal to the economy (vagrants, migrant workers, beggars, criminals)

Question 28

what is false consciousness

Answer 28

when the working working class thought they had common interests with the ruling class

Question 29

What is subjective class

Answer 29

The class to which a person thinks they belong to.