Language Disorders - Exam 2

Question 1

hyperlexia

Answer 1

spontaneous ability to read, but little comprehension of it (superior word recognition and decoding)

Question 2

dyslexia

Answer 2

decoding issue characterized by difficulties in accurate, fluent word recognition when decoding words and spelling difficulties.

Question 3

dyslexia is associated with problems with…

Answer 3

phonological awareness and memory, and random automatic naming

Question 4

Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD)

Answer 4

impairment on social interaction, severely limited interests behavior and activity repertoire, and behaviors that include difficulties with social relatedness communication and repetitive patterns.

Question 5

Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI)

Answer 5

diffuse brain damage resulting ROM an external physical force

Question 6

Cerebrovascular Accident (CVA)

Answer 6

when a portion of the brain is denied oxygen, rupture of a blood vessel.

Question 7

Selective Mutism

Answer 7

child doesn’t speak in some situations but may speak normally in others. occurs 2x more in girls.

Question 8

Specific Language Impairments (SLI)

Answer 8

significant limitations in language, no intellectual disability.

• nonverbal IQ below 85
• delayed in form
• expressive abilities below receptive
• morphology=HALLMARK
• performance scores are higher

Question 9

Language Learning Disability (LLD)

Answer 9

significant difficulty in acquisition and use of listening, speaking, reading, writing, reasoning, or mathematical abilities.

• discrepancy or gap between ability and achievement
• achievement is lower than ability

Question 10

ASD red flags

Answer 10

no babbling by 12 months
no gestures by 12 months
no single words by 16 months
no 2-word spontaneous speech by 24 months
loss of language or social skills at any age

Question 11

SLI Language Characteristics

Answer 11

Ph: vocalize less, poor non-word repetition
*Morph: difficulty with prepositions, past tense “to be”
Syn: pronoun errors, difficulty w/articles and prepositions
Sem: slow growth, less able to recognize phys. features
Prag: don’t understand comm. breakdowns, inappropriate responses to a topic

Question 12

LLD Language Characteristics

Answer 12

Ph: problems with PA, inconsistent sound productions
Morph: dissiculty w/ tense markers and constructing negatives
Syntax: reducing sentence forms, confuse articles
Sem: difficulty relating and comparing, non-literal language issues

Question 13

SLI v. LLD

Answer 13

ability to attend actively, be responsive, and anticipate stimuli is compromised in LLD. disability or disorder!!

SLI particularly focuses on the form of language.