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.DENTAL BOARD EXAM REVIEWER > 20. Microbio: Bacterial pathology > Flashcards

20. Microbio: Bacterial pathology Flashcards

1
Q

Bacteria assoc pigment: red metachromic granules or babes ernst granules

A

Corynebacterium diptheriae

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2
Q

Bacteria assoc pigment: red

A

Serratia marcescens

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3
Q

Bacteria assoc pigment: bluish green; associated with NOSOCOMIAL (hospital acquired) infections

A

Pseudomonas aeruginosa

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4
Q

BQ: Bacteria assoc pigment: yellow sulfur granules

A

Actinomyces israeli

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5
Q 
Metabolically active (maturing); not yet dividing.
- nagaadapt palang yung microorganism sa environment
A

Lag phase

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6
Q

Cell division is rapid

- Bactericidal antibiotics act in this phase

A

Log phase/Exponential phase

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7
Q

Kill bacteria

- to take effect = cells must be in cell division stage

A

Bactericidal

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8
Q

Inhibition of growth and multiplication

A

Bacteriostatic

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9
Q

Rate of division = death rate

A

Stationary phase

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10
Q

Nutrients are greatly reduced, TOXINS increased

Death > multiplication

A

Death phase

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11
Q

BQ: What do you call the cell division of bacteria?

A

Binary fission (Asexual reproduction)

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12
Q

BQ: What are the small DNA molecules found in the microorganisms that are separated from their chromosomal DNA?

A

Plasmid

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13
Q

This is the process of transferring PLASMIDS from one microbe to another

A

Horizontal gene transfer or bacterial recombination

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14
Q

Direct contact and uses SEX PILI(used for attachment)

A

Conjugation

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15
Q

Type of horizontal gene transfer where DNA is left in envt then engulfed by recipient bacteria

A

Transformation

“F” for feces nlilalabas naiiwan sa envt

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16
Q

Uses bacteriophage or a bacterial virus to transfer plasmids

A

Transduction

“D” delivery boy: transfer

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17
Q

Bacteriophage = USER

  1. Phage genome combines with bacteria (Lysogenic cycle)
  2. When bacteria multiplies, viral DNA also multiplies
  3. Phage kills bacteria (LYTIC CYCLE)
A

Temperate phage

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18
Q

Bacteriophage = not useful to the bacteria

- phage kills bacteria (lytic cycle)

A

Virulent phage

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19
Q

BQ: What is the basic component of a CELL WALL? (bacterial cell wall)

A

Glycoproteins

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20
Q

Gram positive cell wall is _____ than gram negative

A

Gram positive thicker cell wall

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21
Q

Peptidoglycan of gram positive vs gram negative

A

Thick peptidoglycan positive

Thin peptidoglycan negative

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22
Q

Exotoxin of gram +

Attached to the peptidoglycan or murein LAYER

A

+eichoic acid = EXOtoxin (+)

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23
Q

ENDOtoxin of gram -

Activated immune response

A

Lipopolysaccharide (ENDOtoxin -)

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24
Q

What gram positive bacteria produces ENDOtoxin and EXOtoxin?

A

Lis+teria monocytogenes

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25
Q

With mycolic acid which is a waxy substance that is resistant to gram staining and decolorization

A

Acid fast

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26
Q

Is a waxy substance that is resistant to gram staining and decolorization

A

Mycolic acid

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27
Q

Gram staining procedure (VIAS)

A

Crystal violet (primary stain)
Iodine (violet)
Alcohol (decolorization)
Safranin/carbolfuchsin (red; counterstain)

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28
Q

Color of gram +

A

Violet

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29
Q

Color of gram -

A

Red

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30
Q

Streptococcus mutans: gram _

A

S. Mutans gram + violet

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31
Q

Neisseria gonorrhea: gram _

A

N. Gonorrhea gram - red

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32
Q

Acid fast staining procedure (CAM)

A

Carbolfuchsin (red primary stain)
Acid-alcohol
Methylene blue (blue counterstain)

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33
Q

Acid fast staining is aka

A

“Ziehl neelsen stain”

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34
Q

Color of acid fast bacteria

A

Red

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35
Q

Color of gram + and - in acid fast staining

A

Blue

Gram+ blue to violet

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36
Q

Normal bacteria of the SKIN

A

Staphylococcus

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37
Q

Grape like

A

Staphylococcus

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38
Q

Normal bacteria of the ORAL CAVITY

A

Streptococcus

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39
Q

Chain like

A

Streptococcus

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40
Q

Pus producing and resistant to drugs

A

Staphylococcus

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41
Q

Virulence factors of Staphylococcal infections

A

Protein A
Coagulase
Staphylokinase
Hyaluronidase

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42
Q

Virulence factors of Streptococcal infections

A

Streptokinase
Pneumolysin
M protein

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43
Q

Staph virulence factor: prevents complement action of complement proteins

A

Protein A

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44
Q

BQ: What staph bacteria that clots blood by activating Prothrombin to Thrombin??
(used to create CLOT)

A

Coagulase

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45
Q

BQ: What staph bacteria activates plasminogen producing plasmin??
(used to DISSOLVE CLOT)

A

Staphylokinase

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46
Q

What staph bacteria breaksdown hyaluronic acid; spreading factor

A

Hyaluronidase

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47
Q

Bone and bone marrow inflammation
Rx: moth eaten
Brodies abscess

A

Osteomyelitis

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48
Q

Causative agent of osteomyelitis

A

Staphylococcus aureus

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49
Q

Most common cause of acute endocarditis

A

Staphylococcus aureus

“A”cute - “a”ureus

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50
Q

BQ: What is the most common cause of ENDOCARDITIS?

A

Streptococcus viridans
(Su”B”acute - “V”iridans)
- KASI ITO YUNG MAS COMMON NA ENDOCARDITIS

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51
Q

Localized pus containing skin boil

A

Furuncle

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52
Q

Extensive form of furuncle

A

Carbuncule

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53
Q

Bacteria that causes food poisoning or gastroenteritis

A

Staphylococcus

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54
Q

BQ: What STREP bacteria activates plasminogen to plasmin?

A

Streptokinase

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55
Q

Cytotoxin mainly of Streptococcus pneumoniae

A

Pneumolysin

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56
Q

Antigen of group A Beta Hemolytic Streptococcus

A

M protein

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57
Q

2 classifications of streptococcal infections

A

Alpha hemolytic

Beta hemolytic

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58
Q

Produces “incomplete” hemolysis

A

Alpha hemolytic

“A”lpha - “A”incomplete

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59
Q

Produces “complete” hemolysis

A

Beta hemolytic

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60
Q

Alpha hemolytic uses _ to lyse blood cells INCOMPLETELY

A

Hydrogen peroxide

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61
Q

Beta hemolytic uses _ to lyse blood COMPLETELY

A

Streptolysin

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62
Q

Bacterial pneumoniae

A

Streptococcus pneumonia

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63
Q

Subacute endocarditis

A

Streptococcus viridans

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64
Q

1st colonizer of plaque

A

Strep. sanguis

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65
Q

1st colonizer of oral cavity (10-12hrs or *24hrs(sterile))

A

Strep. Salivarius

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66
Q

Most numerous bacteria in oral cavity

A

Strep salivarius

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67
Q

BQ: Caries

A

Strep mutans

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68
Q

What is the predominant bacteria in ENAMEL?

A

Strep mutans

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69
Q

What is the predominant bacteria in DENTIN?

A

Lactobacillus acidophilus*

-lactobacillus casei

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70
Q

What is the predominant bacteria in ROOT SURFACE

A

Actinomyces viscosus

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71
Q

Reaction between food and saliva

24-48 hrs after tooth brushing

A

Plaque

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72
Q

Colony of microorganisms

A

Biofilm

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73
Q

BQ: sugars in plaque

A

*Dextrans/glucans (sticky sugar:Adhesive)

Levans

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74
Q

BQ: Which of the ffg diseases will result to hospitalization?

A

Pansinusitis

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75
Q

Infection of lungs that may result to pulmonary edema

A

Pneumonia

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76
Q

2 types of pneumonia

A

Bacterial

Viral

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77
Q

Bacteria involved in bacterial pneumonia

A

Strep pneumoniae

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78
Q

Viral pneumonia: Adult

A

Influenza virus

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79
Q

Viral pneumonia: children

A

Respiratory syncytial virus

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80
Q

Example of influenza virus

Magaling mag mutate ung influenza virus: nagiiba yung shape palagi kaya nagkakaflu parin kahit ngpavaccine na

A

H1N1

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81
Q

Virulence factor in Group A Beta Hemolytic Strep

A

M protein (looks like myosin)

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82
Q

Most commonly involved GABS

A

Streptococcus pyogenes

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83
Q

Yellowish honey colored scabs in the skin

A

Impetigo

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84
Q

“Strawberry tongue”

A

Scarlet fever

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85
Q

Disease with strawberry tongue
Unknown cause
Ddx: with Scarlet fever

A

Kawasaki disease

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86
Q

3 diseases associated with Strep Pyogenes

A

Impetigo
Scarlet fever
Strep throat

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87
Q

Hypersensitivity to M protein debris, after the body has recovered from the actual infection

A

Post streptococcal infections

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88
Q

BQ: Generalized rheumatism

Characterized by polyarthritis, Pancarditis, Valvular damage - mitral valve > aortic valve, Chorea, Erythema marginatum

A

Rheumatic fever

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89
Q

5 charac features of Rheumatic fever

A 
Polyarthritis
Pancarditis
Valvular damage - mitral valve > aortic valve
CHOREA
ERYTHEMA MARGINATUM
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90
Q

Mitral valve is aka

A

Bicuspid valve (LEFT)

Tricuspid valve - right side

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91
Q

Neurological manifestation of Rheumatic fever characterized by abnormal involuntary movements

A

Sydenham’s CHOREA

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92
Q

Pink torso rings

A

Erythema marginatum

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93
Q

BQ: Which of the ffg is post strep infection?

A

(post streptococcal) Glomerulonephritis

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94
Q

What are the 3 most common bacteria that uses COLLAGENASE and HYALURONIDASE?

A

SA - staph aureus
SP - Strep pyogenes
CP - clostridium perfringens

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95
Q

3 that has PSEUDOMEMBRANES

A

Corynebacterium diphtheria - (diphtheritic membrane)
Necrotizing ulcerative gingivitis
Pseudomembranous colitis

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96
Q

BQ: Punched out grayish pseudomembrane in interdental papilla

A

Necrotizing ulcerative gingivitis

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97
Q

Needs bacteriophage(bacterial virus) with diphtheria toxin to cause a disease

A

Corynebacterium

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98
Q

Necrosis pf pharyngeal and upper respiratory tract surface producing diphtheritic membrane (pseudomembranous membrane)

A

Corynebacterium diphtheria

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99
Q

Granules in Corynebacterium diphtheria

A

Red metachromic granules or “Babes Ernst granules”

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100
Q

Histologic app of Corynebacterium diphtheria

A

Chinese character

*(same with fibrous dysplasia)

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101
Q

DPT Vaccine?

A

Diphtheria
Pertussis
Tetanus

102
Q

“Whooping cough” caused by BORDATELLA Pertussis

A

Pertussis

103
Q

Causative agent of tetanus

A 
Clostridium tetani
(Anaerobic: mahilig sa walang oxygen; malalim na sugat sa dog bite)
104
Q

Vaccine for tetanus

A

Tetanus toxoid

105
Q

Toxin in tetanus

A

Tetanus toxin

106
Q

Hyperexcitability of muscle and neurons due to hypocalcemia?

A

Tetany

107
Q

Characteristic of TETANUS/LOCK JAW where the back becomes extremely arched?

A

Opisthotonus

108
Q

BQ: Partly gram + and fungi

  • actinomycosis
  • often suppurative and causes “yellowish sulfur granules”
A

Actinomycetes

109
Q

Normal oral microflora
Causes suppuration
Common in cervicofacial area

A

Actinomyces israeli

110
Q

BQ: Causes root surface caries

A

Actinomyces viscosus

111
Q

Produces LACTIC ACID that causes caries or demineralization of teeth
Found in oral cavity and VAGINA

A

Lactobacillus

112
Q

Causes dentinal caries

A

Lactobacillus acidophilis/(casei)

113
Q

Bacteria that doesnt need nutrients to survive

A

Spore forming bacteria

114
Q

Structure produced by bacteria that is RESISTANT TO STERILIZATION and envtal factors (such as high temp and chemicals)

A

Spores

115
Q

Best way to eliminate spores

A

Autoclave

121C for 15-30mins with 15psi

116
Q

Aerobic Spore forming bacteria

A

Bacillus

117
Q

Anaerobic spore forming bacteria

A

Clostridium

118
Q

Seen in blood of sheep

Causing anthrax or “WOOL SORTER’S DISEASE”

A

Bacillus antracis

119
Q

Other name for anthrax

A

Wool sorter’s disease

120
Q

Dark scabs on skin

Seen in burns

A

Eschars

121
Q

Affected type II pneumocytes (no surfactant cannot inflate)

A

Respiratory distress syndrome

122
Q

causative agent of tetanus or lock jaw

A

Clostridium tetani

123
Q

Cause of death in Tetanus

A

Respiratory distress

124
Q

Muscle spasm due to excitation of neurons due to tetanus toxin

A

Tetanus or lock jaw

125
Q

Causes botulism

A

Clostridium botulinum

126
Q

Results to muscle paralysis or muscle relaxation due to botulinum toxin (botox)
— common in expired canned goods and undercooked foods

A

Clostridium botulinum

127
Q

Causes GAS GANGRENE

A

Clostridium perfringens

128
Q

BQ:Seen in large intestine; Causes pseudomembranous colitis

A

Clostridium difficile

129
Q

Inflammation of colon/ large intestine

A

Pseudomembranous colitis

130
Q

Pseudomembranous colitis: drug induced

A

Clindamycin

131
Q

Tx for C. difficile colitis

A

Metronidazole

Vancomycin

132
Q

Used to treat C. Difficile colitis

  • attacks anaerobic
  • common in periodontitis
A

Metronidazole

133
Q

BQ: Most common allergic reaction to Vancomycin

A

Red Man Syndrome

134
Q

C. difficile is seen in what organ

A

Large intestine

135
Q

Partly gram + and ACID FAST

—Opportunistic microorg that attacks immunocompromised pxs

A

Nocardia (N. asteroides)

136
Q

BQ: Gram positive that has ENDOtoxin and EXOtoxin

Causes “Listeriosis”

A

Listeria (L. monocytogenes)

137
Q

Gonorrhea; a venereal disease

A

Neisseria gonorrhea

138
Q

Causative agent for young adult meningitis

A

Neisseria meningitidis

139
Q

Microorg assoc with meningitis of NEONATES (0-30days)

A

Escherichia coli

140
Q

Microorg assoc with meningitis of INFANTS AND CHILDREN

A

Haemophilus influenza

141
Q

Microorg assoc with meningitis of OLD ADULTS

A

Streptococcus pneumonia

142
Q

Disease associated with meningitis
— severe meningitis
— adrenal gland failure/bleeding

A

Waterhouse-Friderichsen syndrome

143
Q

spiral/helical/corkscrew shape gram negative bacteria

A

Spirochetes

144
Q

Causative agent of syphilis; venereal

A

Treponema pallidum

145
Q

Hutchinson’s triad or congenital syphilis triad

A

Hutchinson’s incisors
Interstitial keratitis
Deafness (8th nerve)

146
Q

Treatment for syphilis

A

Penicillin

Salivarsan

147
Q

1st drug for syphilis

A

Salivarsan

148
Q

Causative agent for periodontal disease and vincent’s disease

A

Treponema denticola

149
Q

Other names for Vincent’s disease

A

Trench mouth

Necrotizing ulcerative gingivitis

150
Q

Presence of painful punched out grayish pseudomembrane in interdental papilla; fetid odor

A

Vincent’s disease (trench mouth/NUG)

151
Q

Tx for Vincent’s dse/Trench mouth/NUG

A

Debridement
Irrigation
Antibiotics (Penicillin)

152
Q

Causative agent for leptospirosis; affects LIVER resulting to JAUNDICE

A

Leptospira hystolica

153
Q

Involved in nosocomial infections or hospital acquired

A

Pseudomonas aerigonosa

154
Q

Most common bacteria in severe anaerobic infections like periodontitis

A

Bacteriodes

155
Q

Produces black pigmentations

Hydrolyzes collagen resulting to bone resorption

A

Bacteriodes melaninogenicus

156
Q

Associated with periodontal infections

Produces black pigmentation also

A

Porphyromonas gingivalis

157
Q

Obligate intracellular parasites (2)

A

Rickettsia

Chlamydia

158
Q

Causative agent of “EPIdemic typhus” which is caused by lice

Epidemic - widespread

A

R. prowazekii

159
Q

Causative agent of “ENdemic typhus” - fleas

Endemic - small area

A

R. typhus

160
Q

Causative agent of rocky mountain spotted fever - ticks

A

R. rickettsia

161
Q

Causative agent for

  • Scrub typhus: mites
  • Q fever: tick feces
A

R. Tsutsugamushi

162
Q

Most common cause of STD in USA

A

Chlamydia

Ex: chlamydia trachomatis

163
Q

Causative agent for typhoid fever

A

Salmonella typhi

164
Q

Bacteria in the STOMACH and small intestine

A

Helicobacter pylori

165
Q

Causative agent of Cholera

A

Vibrio cholera

166
Q

Causative agent of Shigellosis (which results to diarrhea)

A

Shigella dysenteriae

167
Q

Causative agent of amoeba (results to diarrhea)

A

Entamoeba histolytica

168
Q

Causative agent of TB

A

Mycobacterium tuberculosis

169
Q

2 features of Pulmonary TB

A

Ghon’s focus

Ghon’s complex

170
Q

BQ: A feature of pulmonary TB which is seen as a “COIN” lesion radiographically

A

Ghon’s tubercle/focus

171
Q

A feature of pulmonary TB: w/ lymph node involvement

A

Ghon’s complex

172
Q

Macrophages in TB (2)

A 
Epitheloid cells
Langhans cells (fused epitheloid)
173
Q

Treatment for TB

A 
RIPES:
Rifampicin
Isoniazid
Pyrazinamide
Ethambutol
STREPTOMYCIN*
174
Q

BQ: What is the most common site of Primary Pulmonary Tuberculosis?

A

Apex of lungs

175
Q

BQ: Tb of the BONE

A

Potts disease

176
Q

BQ: Tb of the NECK

A

Scrofula (King’s evil)

177
Q

BQ: Generalized TB is called?

A

Miliary TB

Generalized:malala:miliary

178
Q

BQ: TB in children is called?

A

Primary complex

Not contagious!!

179
Q

BQ: Type of necrosis seen in TB if it is untreated?

A

Caseous necrosis

180
Q

Causative agent of leprosy

A

Mycobacterium leprae

181
Q

Virus of bacteria

A

Bacteriophage

182
Q

Toxin of gram +

A

Exotoxin

183
Q

Toxin of gram -

A

Endotoxin

184
Q

Other term for peptidoglycan

A

Murein layer

185
Q

Cell wall that has thin but multiple layers

A

Gram negative cell wall

186
Q

Function of PLASMIN

A

For fibrinolysis: breakdown of fibrin

187
Q

Causative agent of osteomyelitis

A

Staph aureus

188
Q

Layers of heart

A

Epicardium - outer
Myocardium - middle; beats/contractions
Endocardium - innermost

189
Q

What bacteria causes gastroenteritis or food poisoning

A

Staphylococcus

190
Q

Complication of H1N1

A

Viral pneumonia

Same causative agent: influenza virus

191
Q

disease that is spread worldwide

A

Pandemic

PANkalahatan

192
Q

Examples of pandemic diseases

A

Caries

Flu

193
Q

Seasonal disease

A

Epidemic

194
Q

Examle of epidemic disease

A

Dengue

195
Q

Disease that is localized; specific area

A

Endemic

END : hanggang dun lang

196
Q

Examples of Endemic disease

A

Fluorosis/ mottled enamel

Malaria

197
Q

BQ: 3 bacterias associated with PSEUDOMEMBRANES

A

Corynebacterium diphtheriae
Treponema denticola- NUG
Clostridium difficile - Pseudomembranous colitis

198
Q

Cause of death of tetanus

A

Respiratory depression: if diaphragm affected

199
Q

Partly gram + and fungi

A

Actinomycetes

200
Q

BQ: causes yellowish sulfur granules

A

Actinomyces israeli

201
Q

BQ: Spore forming bacterias

A

BACILLUS

CLOSTRIDIUM

202
Q

3 diseases associated with E coli:

A

Meningitis
UTI
Traveller’s diarrhea

203
Q

BQ: bacteria that causes Traveller’s diarrhea

A

E coli

204
Q

Other name for Traveller’s diarrhea

A

Montezuma’s revenge

205
Q

Prevention of Congenital syphilis

A

Caesarian section

206
Q

“natural penicillins”

A

Penicillin G and VK

207
Q

Doc for syphilis

A

Penicillin G

  • 1st or original penicillin
  • parenteral injection (in”G”ection)
208
Q

BQ: Penicillin VK is administered via

A

ORAL (“VK” - vivig)

209
Q

Gold standard of mouthwashes

A

Chlorhexidine

210
Q

3 bacterias assoc with NOSOCOMIAL infections

A

Pseudomonas aeruginosa
E coli
Staph aureus

211
Q

BQ: Endo-Perio microorganism

A

“Bacteriodes” (Bacteriodes melaninogenicus) - * if one lang

Porphyromonas gingivalis

212
Q

BQ: bacteria that produces BLACK pigmentations

A

*Bacteriodes / B. Melaninogenicus

porphyromonas gingivalis-pag wala sa choices

213
Q

“Parasite of parasite”

A

Rickettsia

214
Q

BQ: Disease assoc with HUMAN LICE

A

Epidemic typhus

215
Q

Parasite assoc with epidemic typhus

A

R. Prowazekii

216
Q

Dse assoc with fleas

A

Endemic typhus

217
Q

Parasite assoc with endemic typhus

A

R. Typhi

218
Q

3 bacterias with TYPHUS

A

R. prowazekii - epidemic typhus - lice
R. Typhi - endemic typhus - fleas
R. Tsutsugamushi - scrub typhus - mites

219
Q

3 diseases assoc with R. Tsutsugamushi

QTS- “cutes”

A

Q fever : tick feces
Tsutsugamushi -mites
Scrub typhus - mites

220
Q

Causative agent of Scrub typhus

A

R. Tsutsugamushi

221
Q

Causative agent of typhoid fever

A

Salmonella typhi

222
Q

Most common cause of STD in USA

A

Chlamydia

223
Q

Common bacteria assoc with PEPTIC ULCER

A

Helicobacter pylori

224
Q

Peptic ulcer affects what organ

A

Duodenum of small intestine

225
Q

Shape of duodenum

A

C shape

226
Q

What is absorbed in the duodenum

A

Iron (I-Do)

227
Q

Assoc with “watery diarrhea”

A

Vibrio cholera

228
Q

Dse with “watery rice stool”

A

Cholera

229
Q

2 bacterias assoc with “bloody diarrhea”

A

Shigella dysenteriae

Entamoeba histolytica

230
Q

“Black stool” - damage to UPPER git

A

Melena

231
Q

“Red stool” - damage to LOWER git (large intestine)

A

Hematochezia

Seen in amoebiasis

232
Q

Vaccine for TB

A

BCG vaccine
Bacillus
Calmette
Guerin

233
Q

Dx test for TB

A

Mantoux test

234
Q

Generalized edema

A

Anasarca

235
Q

2 possible dses assoc with Swelling of lymph nodes in the neck

A

Scrofula

Lymphoma - pag di nakuha sa antibiotics

236
Q 
BQ: All of the ffg. are elevators EXCEPT:
a. miller's
B. Pott's
C. Kryer
D. Bons
A

Except D.Bons!

237
Q

Other name for LEPROSY

A

Hansen’s disease

238
Q

“lion face” 🦁

A

Leprosy

239
Q

“Frog face” 🐸

A

Crouzon’s syndrome/Craniofacial dysostosis

240
Q

“Bird face” 🐦

A

Treacher collins syndrome / Mandibulofacial dysostosis

241
Q

Bones deficient in pxs with treacher collins syndrome

A

“Mandibulofacial dysostosis”

  • Mandible
  • zygomatic bone
242
Q

“Fish 🐟 or bird 🐦 face”

A

Pierre - robin syndrome
(Pierre: madaming fish sa pier)
(Robin: bird)

243
Q

Causative agent of Travellers Diarrhea

A

Escherichia Coli

244
Q

Other name of E. Coli (2)

A

Travellers Ds

Montezuma’s Revenge

245
Q

White mucous patches

A

Hairy Leukoplakia
2ndary Syphilis
Candidiasis

246
Q

Causative agent of Candidiasis:

Treatment?

A

Candida Albicans

Nystatin

247
Q

Bow Legs / Saber Shin

A

Mulberry Molars

Congenital Syphilis

248
Q

Punched out RX appearance

A

Multiple Myeloma

Hand - Schuller Christian Ds

249
Q

Lab test of Multiple Myeloma

A

Bence - Jones Proteins

250
Q

Other name for Leptospira / Leptospirosis

A

“WEILS DISEASE” 🐳

251
Q

Most common hospital acquired bacterias (3)

A

P. Aeruginosa
Staph. Aureus
E. Coli

.DENTAL BOARD EXAM REVIEWER (38 decks)

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