AandP exam 1 Flashcards
chapters 1,2,3,4
organ
tissue together forms an organ
different specialized tissues together
filtration
movement of water by force
area of high pressure to low pressure
osmosis
diffusion of water through selectively permeable membrane from low to high
diffusion
movement of particles through a membrane from are of high concentration top area of low concentration
absorption
passage of a substance through a membrane such as skin or mucosa (mucus membrane) into blood
phagocytosis
process permits a cell to engulf and literally eat foreign material
movement of cells or other large particles into cell by trapping it in a section of plasma membrane that pinches/engulf off inside the cell
positive feedback loop
get away from the norm
amplify/excelerate to complete the process.
ordinarily this mechanism is used by the body to amplify a process and quickly finish it as in labor contractions and blood clotting.
homeostatic control system in which information feeding back to the control center causes the level of variable to be pushed farther in the direction of the original deviation causing an amplification of the original stimulus.
negative feedback loop
get back to the normal
maintenance of homeostasis
control center
central a/c system or like when we shiver because we are cold.
homeostatic control system in which information feeding back to the control center causes the level of variable to be changed in the direction opposite to that of the initial stimulus
homeostasis
internal stable environment
integumentary system
primary functions protects underlying structure regulate body temperature synthesis of chemicals sense organ, provides sensory reception
nervous system
uses electro chemical signals to integrate and control body function.
contains body’s control center
coordination of body’s activities
communication
integration
control
recognition of sensory stimuli
system functions by production of nerve impulses caused by stimuli of various types
control is fast acting and of short duration*
skeleton system
rigid framework for the body and stores minerals. support movement storage of minerals blood cell formation
muscular system
movement
maintains body posture
production of heat
endocrine system
uses hormones to regulate body functions.
secretion of hormones
communication, integration, and control
control is slow and long duration*
regulates growth, metabolism, reproduction, and fluid and electrolyte balance
cardiovascular/circulatory system
transports substances from one part to another.
transportation for nutrition, water, oxygen, and waste
regulates body temperature
immunity
lymphatic system
transports fatty nutrients from the digestive system to the blood
protection
maintains body’s internal fluid environment by producing, filtering, and conveying lymph
body’s defense
production of various blood cells transportation
respiratory system
exchange of waste gas (carbon dioxide) for oxygen in the lungs
filtration of irritants from inspired air
warms and humidifies incoming air
regulates acid base balance
diaphragm and intercostals are very important in respiration
digestive system
mechanical and chemical breakdown (digestion) of food
absorption of nutrients
urinary system
elimination of urine
clearing/cleaning blood of waste products
electrolyte balance
water balance
acid base balance
urethra has urinary and reproductive functions in male
