Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

ISSA Personal Trainer 2019 > Metabolism > Flashcards

Metabolism Flashcards

1
Q

What is the training effect?

A

An increase in functional capacity of muscles and other bodily tissues as a result of increased stress(overload) places upon them

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What is homeostasis?

A

The automatic tendency to maintain a relatively constant internal environment

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What are carbohydrates?

A

Sugars and starches used by the body as fuel

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What are fats?

A

Compounds that store energy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What are proteins?

A

Large, complex molecules comprised of amino acids

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What is a good example of homeostasis in the body?

A

Method by which the body maintains a constant temperature of 98.6 degrees Fahrenheit

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What happens when your body temperature rises due to physical exertion or external heat?

A

Brain sends a signal to increase the rate of sweating

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What happens when body temperature begins to drop due to a cold external environment?

A

Shivering begins to generate heat for the body

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What are some other functions under homeostatic control?

A
  1. Hormone production
  2. pH balance in the blood
  3. Water content of cells and blood
  4. Blood glucose levels
  5. Metabolic rate
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What is metabolism?

A

Total of all chemical and physical processes by which the body builds and maintains itself(anabolism) and by which it breaks down its substances for the production of energy(catabolism)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What is anabolism?

A

The building up in the body of complex chemical compounds from simpler compounds

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What is catabolism?

A

The breaking down in the body of complex chemical compounds into simpler ones

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What is glucose?

A

Principal circulating sugar in the blood and the major energy source of the body

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What are ketone bodies?

A

Bodies produced as intermediate products of fat metabolism

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What is lactic acid?

A

A by-product of glucose and glycogen metabolism in anaerobic muscle energetics

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What are amino acids?

A

Building blocks of protein

17
Q

How many amino acids are there?

A

24

18
Q

What are fatty acids?

A

Any of a large group of monobasic acids, especially those found in animal and vegetable fats and oils

19
Q

What is the metabolic set point?

A

The base rate of metabolism that the body seeks to maintain; resulting in nasal metabolic rate

20
Q

What is basal metabolic rate(BMR)?

A

The minimum energy required to maintain the body’s life function at rest; usually expressed in calories per hour per square meter of the body’s surface

21
Q

What is the thermic effect?

A

The heat liberated from a particular food; it is a measure of its energy content and its tendency to be burned as heat. Also referred to as “thermogenesis”

22
Q

What is a calorie?

A

A unit of heat; amount of energy required to raise the temperature of 1 gram of water 1 degree Celsius at 1 atmosphere

23
Q

What is a kilocalorie?

A

1,000 calories and the preferred unit in metabolism studies

24
Q

What is the respiratory quotient(RQ)?

A

A method of determining the “fuel mix” being used, giving us a way to measure the relative amounts of fats, carbohydrates and proteins being burned for energy

25
Q

What is the formula for calculating RQ?

A

RQ = volume of CO2 expired / volume of O2 utilized

26
Q

What is the respiratory quotient(RQ) of carbohydrate?

A

1.0

27
Q

What is the respiratory quotient(RQ) for fat?

A

0.7

28
Q

What is the RQ for protein?

A

About 0.8

29
Q

In a normal diet, what is the percent of energy derived from carbohydrates, fats and proteins?

A

Carbohydrates = 40-45%
Fatty acids = 40-45%
Proteins = 10-15%

30
Q

What is oxidation?

A

The chemical act of combining with oxygen or of removing hydrogen

31
Q

What is maximal oxygen uptake?

A

Highest rate of oxygen consumption which a person is capable of

32
Q

What are branched-chain amino acids(BCAA’s)?

A

Amino acids L-leucine, L-Isoleucine an L-valine which have a particular molecular structure that gives them their name and comprises 35% of muscle tissue. They help increase work capacity by stimulating production of insulin

ISSA Personal Trainer 2019 (41 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions