Chapter 12 Shock

Question 1

Afterload

Answer 1

The force or resistance against which the heart pumps

Question 2

Anaphylactic shock

Answer 2

Severe attack caused by an allergic reaction

Question 3

Aneurysm

Answer 3

Hey swelling or enlargement of a part of an artery, resulting from weakening of the arterial wall

Question 4

Autonomic nervous system

Answer 4

The part of the nervous system that regulates involuntary activities of the body, such as heart rate, blood pressure, and digestion of food

Question 5

Cardiac Tamponade

Answer 5

Compression of the heart as the result of build up of blood or other fluid in the pericardial sac, leading to decreased cardiac output

Question 6

cardiogenic shock

Answer 6

A state in which is not enough oxygen is delivered to the tissues of the body, caused by low output of blood from the heart. It can be a severe complication of a large acute myocardial infarction, as well as other conditions

Question 7

Compensated shock

Answer 7

The early stage of shock, in which the body can still compensate for blood loss

Question 8

Cyanosis

Answer 8

A blue skin discoloration that is caused by a reduced level of oxygen in the blood

Question 9

Decompensated shock

Answer 9

The late stage of shock when blood pressure is falling

Question 10

Dehydration

Answer 10

Loss of water from the tissues of the body

Question 11

Distributive shock

Answer 11

A condition that occurs when there is widespread dilation of the small artery arterioles, small venules, or both

Question 12

Edema

Answer 12

The process of abnormally large amounts of fluid between cells in the body tissues, causing swelling of the affected area

Question 13

Homeostasis

Answer 13

A balance of all systems of the body

Question 14

Hypothermia

Answer 14

A condition in which the internal body temperature falls below 95°F

Question 15

Hypovolemic shock

Answer 15

Shock caused by fluid or blood loss

Question 16

Myocardial contractility

Answer 16

The ability of the heart muscle to contract

Question 17

Neurogenic shock

Answer 17

Circulatory failure caused by paralysis of the nerves that control the size of the blood vessels, leading to widespread dilation; seen in patients with spinal cord injuries

Question 18

Obstructive shock

Answer 18

Shock that occurs when there is a block to blood flow in the heart or a great vessels, causing an insufficient blood supply to the body’s tissues

Question 19

Perfusion

Answer 19

The flow of blood through body tissues and vessels

Question 20

Pericardial effusion

Answer 20

A collection of fluid between the pericardial sac in the myocardium

Question 21

Preload

Answer 21

The pre-contraction pressure in the heart as the volume of blood builds up

Question 22

Psychogenic shock

Answer 22

Shock caused by a sudden temporary reduction in blood supply to the brain that causes fainting (syncope)

Question 23

Pulmonary embolism

Answer 23

A blood clot that breaks off from a large vein and travels to the blood vessels of the ling, causing obstruction of blood flow

Question 24

Pulse pressure

Answer 24

The difference between the systolic and diastolic pressures

Question 25

Sensitization

Answer 25

Developing a sensitivity to a substance that initially caused no allergic reaction

Question 26

Septic shock

Answer 26

Shock caused by severe infection, usually a bacterial infection

Question 27

Shock

Answer 27

A condition in which the circulatory system fails to provide sufficient circulation to enable every body part to perform its function; also called hypo perfusion

Question 28

Sphincters

Answer 28

Circular muscles that encircle and, by contracting constrict a duct, tube, or opening

Question 29

Syncope

Answer 29

A fainting spell or transient loss of consciousness