Chapter 20 - Unit 4

Question 1

Crises - they are acute and time limited. T/F?

Answer 1

True!

Question 2

Erich Lindemann - what did he do?

Answer 2

Early crisis theorist. Preventive interventions after an event could help reduce the distressed. Believed using bereavement techniques would help those after a serious event.

Question 3

Gerald Caplan - what did he do/

Answer 3

Outlined crisis intervention strategies.

Question 4

What did Donna Aguilera and Janice Mesnick do?

Answer 4

They provide a framework for nurses for crisis assessment and intervention.

Question 5

What are the three basic types of crises?

Answer 5

Maturational, situation, and adventitious (disasters).

Question 6

What is a maturational crisis?

Answer 6

This is when there’s something that happens through the process of life. For example, it might be that a child is off to college or two parents just separated.

Question 7

What is a situational crisis?

Answer 7

This is when it arises from an external rather than internal source. It is typically unanticipated. Loss of job, death, unwanted pregnancy are examples.

Question 8

What is an adventitious crisis?

Answer 8

This is a disaster. It is not part of everyday life. It is horrible and terrible - like a tornado or terrorist attack.

Question 9

What are the four distinct phases of crisis (Caplan)?

Answer 9

1 - Person is confronted by a conflict or problem that threatens them - anxiety is increased, to try and help them.
2 - If the usual defensive response fails, anxiety continues to rise and there is not discomfort. Trial and error happens.
3 - Panic level of anxiety happens here. Flight or flight. Compromising needs or such happen in order to help the situation.
4 - Anxiety can overwhelm the person - depression, confusion, etc.

Question 10

For a patient assessment, should we worry about how they perceive the event?

Answer 10

YES

Question 11

What is primary care for a crisis?

Answer 11

This is when the nurse works with the individual to recognize problems, etc.

Question 12

What is secondary care?

Answer 12

This is establishing care during a crisis to prevent prolonged anxiety.

Question 13

What is tertiary care?

Answer 13

This provides support for those who have experienced a severe crisis.

Question 14

What is CISD?

Answer 14

This is an example of tertiary - it helps people talk through things.

Question 15

When is the evaluation done for a person in crisis?

Answer 15

Usually 4-8 weeks after the initial interview.