Chapter 11 - Unit 2 Flashcards
Hildegard Peplau - operational definition of the __ levels of anxiety.
4 Levels.
Anxiety and fear are indistinguishable except for the ___.
Cause.
Anxiety - defined as…
a feeling of apprehension, uneasiness, uncertainty or dread resulting form a real or perceived threat whose actual source is unknown or unrecognized.
Anxiety - associated with …
muscle tension and vigilance in preparing for future danger with cautious or avoidant behaviors.
Fear - def and what do we react with?
a reaction to a specific danger and more often the body reacts with surges of autonomic arousal necessary for fight or flight.
Normal anxiety is not healthy - T/F?
FALSE - it is healthy. It gives us energy to do things, etc.
Acute anxiety - def
Precipitated by an imminent loss or change that threatens an individual’s sense of security.
Mild anxiety - occurs in…
the normal experience of everyday living. Reality is brought into sharp focus. One may have slight discomfort, restlessness, and bite their nails and fidget.
Moderate Anxiety - perceptual field…
narrows, and they lose some details. They can’t focus as well so they lose out some information and selectively focus on certain things. Physical symptoms include tension, pounding heart rate, etc.
Severe anxiety - may focus on..
one particular detail or many scattered details. They may be confused and dazed. They might have a headache, dizziness, insomnia, trembling and a pounding heart beat.
Panic Level of anxiety - most ____ level.
Extreme. An individual cannot process what is going on. They might even have hallucinations!
Interventions for Mild to Moderate Anxiety - what should the nurse use? Can they solve problems?
They can solve problems. Specific communication techniques, broad openings, explore and seek clarification. The nurse should be calm and such.
Severe to Panic levels of anxiety - can they solve problems? What should the nurse do?
They cannot solve problems. They might need to go to a quiet environment and reduce anxiety. Firm, short and simple statements are really key.
Defense mechanism - what do they do?
They protect people from painful awareness of feelings and memories that can provoke overwhelming anxiety.
Freud - what did he say about defense mechanisms? 5 Things
- Defenses are a major means of managing conflict and affect.
- Defenses are relatively unconscious.
- Defenses are discrete from one another.
- Although defenses are often the hallmarks of major psychiatric syndromes, they are reversible.
- Defenses are adaptive as well as pathological.
Altruism - what is it? What kind of DM is it?
Emotional conflicts and stressors are addressed by meeting the needs of others. It’s also a healthy DM
Sublimination - def? What kind of DM is it?
unconscious process of substituting constructive and socially acceptable activities for strong impulses that are not healthy. An example could be that if you have feelings for your brother in law, you could start knitting! This is also a healthy DM.
Humor - what is it? What kind of DM is it?
It’s being funny! Duh! lolol - This is also a healthy DM.
Suppression - what is it? What kind of DM is it?
The conscious denial of a disturbing situation or feeling. This is also a healthy DM.
Repression - what is it? What kind of DM is it?
Exclusion of unpleasant or unwanted experiences, emotions or ideas. This is an intermediate defense.
Displacement - what is it? What kind of DM is it?
This is an intermediate defense. It’s when you transfer emotions associated with one person or situation to another. This is an intermediate defense.
Reaction formation (aka overcompensation) - def? What kind of DM is it?
This is an intermediate defense. It’s when you have negative/bad feelings about something but you do the opposite. For example, if you claim to hate animals but begin work in a shelter…this is an example of that.
Somatization - def? What kind of DM is it?
This is an intermediate defense. This is when you make your stress into a physical condition.
