Developmental – Degenerative cardiac Flashcards
Cardiomyopathy
“Heart disease resulting from a primary*
abnormality in myocardium”
Primary myofiber abnormality: anatomic or metabolic
Generally Excluded is secondary cardiomyopathy which are much more common
Ischemic disease (“ischemic cardiomyopathy”)
Hypertensive disease
Valve-associated abnormality
Clinical Significance of Cardiomyopathy
Mechanical dysfunction
Electrical dysfunction
Functional pattern of cardiomyopathy
Dilated
Hypertrophic
Restrictive
Myocyte Hypertrophy can be cause by:
note this is NOT cardiomyopathy
HTN
Valve disease
MI
•Mechanism: Impaired contractility •Microscopic Changes: Non-specific •Complications: -mural thrombus formation -systemic embolization -arrhythmia
Dilated Cardiomyopathy
DCM ________ of cases have associated genetic mutations,
30-40%
Cytoskeletal muscle fibers*/nuclear membrane proteins affects
DCM walls can be:
Thick or thin
100% due to genetic mutations**
Thickened interventricular septum bulges into the LV outflow tract during early systole
Outflow obstruction through aortic valve (~25%) / ejection murmur
Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy
Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy
3 mutations are present in
70 ‐ 80% of Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathies
Myosin-binding protein C
Myosin heavy chain
Cardiac Trop C
Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy
Complications
sudden death (young athletes)
Cannot relax in diastole (impaired compliance)
Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy
•Pathologic Changes
Hypertrophy & disarray of
fibers
More characteristic than other cardiomyopathies
Cannot relax during diastole (impaired compliance)
- Typically acquired (not really genetically linked)
- Amyloid deposition and radiation-induced fibrosis are good examples
Restrictive Cardiomyopathy
DCM etiology
Genetic
INfectious
alcoholic
peripartum
HCM etiology
100% genetic!
