MITRAL AND TRICUSPID VALVE DISEASE

Question 1

dual-flap in the heart that lies between the left atrium (LA) and the left ventricle (LV).

Answer 1

mitral valve

Question 2

mitral valve anatomy

Answer 2

annulus
leafletts
chordae
papillary muscle

Question 3

The mitral valve ____ during diastole

Answer 3

opens, allows blood from A to V

Question 4

The mitral valve _____ during systole

Answer 4

closes,

prevents regurg from LV to LA

Question 5

a valvular heart disease characterized by the narrowing of the orifice of the mitral valve of the heart. Obstructs blood flow from LA to LV

Answer 5

Mitral valve stenosis

Question 6

Mitral valve stenosis leads to

Answer 6

increased pulm vasc, pressure, LA pressure, and right heart pressure

Question 7

Most cases of Mitral valve stenosis are?

Answer 7

Rheumatic

Question 8

Acute Rheumatic fever

Answer 8

caused by group a strep
inflamtion involves heart, skin, and connective tissue
may lead to Mitral valve stenosis

Question 9

Mitral valve stenosis presentation

Answer 9

• dyspnea (pulm edema)
• Hemoptysis (lung vessel rupture)
• Pulm HTN
• R side heart failure
• A-Fib
• Thrombotic event

-Loud S!

Question 10

Mitral valve stenosis will show

Answer 10

Left atrial enlargement

Question 11

Mitral valve stenosis Rx

Answer 11

Beta Blocker (slow)
Diuretics (CHF)
Anti-coag (stroke risk)
Valve replacement

Question 12

a non-surgical procedure performed in the cardiac catheterization laboratory.

catheters placed into blood vessels in the groin and guided into the chambers of the heart.

The catheter is positioned so the balloon tip is directly inside the narrowed valve.

The balloon is inflated and deflated several times to widen the valve opening.

Answer 12

percutaneous balloon mitral valvuloplasty

Question 13

Do patients with Mitral valve stenosis usually have rheumatic fever first?

Answer 13

No, but rheumatic is the most common form

Question 14

disorder of the heart in which the mitral valve does not close properly when the heart pumps out blood–> abnormal leaking of blood backwards from the left ventricle, through the mitral valve, into the left atrium, when the left ventricle contracts

Answer 14

mitral regurgitation

Question 15

mitral regurgitation can be caused by abnormalities of:

Answer 15

annulus
leafletts
chordae
papillary muscle

(any mitral anatomy)

Question 16

etiology of mitral regurgitation

Answer 16

mitral valve prolapse 
ischemic heart disease 
endocarditis 
rheumatic valve disease
LV enlargement (stretches out the valve)

Question 17

the leaflets of the mitral valve bulge (prolapse) upward or back into the left atrium as the heart contracts.

Answer 17

Mitral valve prolapse

Question 18

Mitral valve prolapse is usually

Answer 18

asymptomatic

good prognosis

Question 19

INDICATIONS FOR INTERVENTION IN MITRAL STENOSIS

Answer 19

– Symptoms
– Atrial fib
– Pulmonary hypertension

Question 20

mitral stenosis on PE

Answer 20

• Load S1
• opening snap
• diastolic rumble

Question 21

Tricuspid valve

Answer 21

on the right dorsal side of the mammalian heart, between the right atrium and the right ventricle. The function of the valve is to prevent back flow of blood into the right atrium.

Question 22

Tricuspid valve has ___ leaflets

Answer 22

3

Question 23

Tricuspid valve regurg

Answer 23

increased RA pressure

edema

Question 24

Tricuspid valve regurg causes

Answer 24

“functional” like increased volume or pressure (like pulm HTN)

Question 25

Tricuspid valve regurg PE findings

Answer 25

JVD

hepatomegaly

Question 26

Tricuspid valve regurg s/s

Answer 26

fatigue (dec. CO)
Ab fullness
edema
palpitations 
atrial stretch

Question 27

Tricuspid valve regurg Rx

Answer 27

treat the underlying cause
Diuretics
surgery (rare for CHF usually)

Question 28

Tricuspid valve stenosis

Answer 28

very rare
from rheumatic heart disease
s/s: dyspnea, edema
rx: diuretics, surgery