Immunopathology Type 3, Immune Complex Disease

Question 1

____ and ____ attract neutrophils, which release cathepsin G, elastase, and hydrogen peroxide, causing degradation of the BM.

Answer 1

C3a; C5a

Question 2

What are the treatments of Type 3 immunopathologies?

Answer 2

anti-inflammatory drugs, immunosuppressants, antihistamines, plasmapheresis

Question 3

What is post-strep glomerulonephritis?

Answer 3

immune complexes in the kidney 10-14 days after a strep infection

Question 3

What is Hypersensitivity Pneumonitis?

Answer 3

actinomycetes bacteria exposure causes development of IgG antibodies; on 2nd exposure, antigen/antibody complexes form in the lungs

Question 5

How large is IgM?

Answer 5

750,000 daltons

Question 5

What pathology of SLE makes it a type 3 disease?

Answer 5

pt makes IgG antibody to ds DNA; immune complexes deposit in the kidneys

Question 6

What is the reticuloendothelial system (RES)?

Answer 6

all the macs/phagocytes of the tissues

Question 7

As anaphylatoxins, C3a and C5a release ____ and other mediators from mast cells, increasing the inflammatory rxn.

Answer 7

histamine

Question 7

What cells cause the symptoms of Hypersensitivity Pneumonitis?

Answer 7

neutrophils and complement initially; Th1 and Th2 in chronic cases

Question 7

What pathology of RA makes it a type 3 disease?

Answer 7

an IgM autoantibody to one’s own IgG

Question 8

What is the Arthus reaction?

Answer 8

immune complex formation from booster immunizations- activates complement and neutrophils; causes soreness at injection site

Question 10

As anaphylatoxins, ___ and ____ release histamine and other mediators from mast cells, increasing the inflammatory rxn.

Answer 10

C3a; C5a

Question 11

What is an immune complex formation from booster immunizations that activates complement and neutrophils; causes soreness at injection site?

Answer 11

the Arthus reaction

Question 12

How do immunocomplexes activate complement?

Answer 12

they bind C1q to initiate the classical cascade

Question 13

As anaphylatoxins, C3a and C5a release histamine and other mediators from ____, increasing the inflammatory rxn.

Answer 13

mast cells

Question 13

What disease is caused by actinomycetes bacteria exposure causing development of IgG antibodies; on 2nd exposure, antigen/antibody complexes form in the lungs?

Answer 13

Hypersensitivity Pneumonitis

Question 15

How is the risk of serum sickness minimized?

Answer 15

by affinity purification and by cutting off the Fc portion of the protein and only using the F(ab) or F(ab2)

Question 16

How can you test for the presence of immune complexes?

Answer 16

1. total hemolytic complement will be low; check lysis of RBCs using pts serum as compared to a standard 2. bind serum to complement C1q to look for complex agglutination 3. check for RF by adding pt’s serum to IgG coated microbeads 4. perform a renal biopsy, immunotag, and look for lumpy bumpy appearance

Question 18

What is serum sickness?

Answer 18

the binding of antibody to exogenous serum, forming immune complexes that accumulate until large enough that the RES can clear it out

Question 20

C3a and C5a attract _____, which release cathepsin G, elastase, and hydrogen peroxide, causing degradation of the BM.

Answer 20

neutrophils

Question 21

What is IgA nephropathy?

Answer 21

deposition of IgA and IgG bound to IgA1 in the renal glomerulus

Question 22

What size immunocomplex can activate complement but is too small to be removed by the RES?

Answer 22

1 million daltons

Question 23

Name 6 places immune complexes can lodge.

Answer 23

1. joints 2. pleura 3. peritoneum 4. skin 5. choroid plexus 6. kidneys

Question 24

C3a and C5a attract neutrophils, which release ____, ____, and ____, causing degradation of the BM.

Answer 24

cathepsin G, elastase, and hydrogen peroxide

Question 25

What does RES stand for?

Answer 25

reticuloendothelial system

Question 26

What is a type 3 immunopathology?

Answer 26

immune complexes get stuck in basement membranes