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Lindsey's Blood and Lymph Unit III > Chronic Frustrated Immune Response > Flashcards

Chronic Frustrated Immune Response Flashcards

1
Q

HLA-Cw*06:02 is associated with ____.

A

psoriasis

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2
Q

How are harmful responses prevented and the gut simultaneously protected?

A

Treg and Tfh reside in the Peyer’s Patches; they can interconvert into one another as needed

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3
Q

What is the genetic association found in Celiac Disease?

A

90% of pts have HLA-DQ2 allele

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4
Q

IL-23 is associated with ____.

A

psoriasis

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5
Q

What does the combination of TGFβ + IL-6 do?

A

downregulates Treg and upregulates Th1, Th2, and Th17

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6
Q

What would happen if the Treg response was too strong?

A

appropriate responses to viruses and bacteria would be suppressed

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7
Q

What allele is associated with Chronic Beryllium Disease?

A

HLA-DP

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7
Q

What is the Old Friends Hypothesis?

A

harmless microorganisms are important to prevent the immune system from responding too strongly to a non-threat; based on proper Treg balance

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8
Q

What cells make IL-6 and why?

A

epithelial and other cells; in response to stress or damage

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9
Q

What are the genetic associations in Crohn’s and Ulcerative Colitis?

A

several loci ID’d to correlate to disease; concordinance in twin studies; early genetic event causes increase in gut permeability so defensins, made by the gut, penetrate back into the tissues and act as DAMPs

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10
Q

How is TG2 an antigen in Celiac Disease?

A

it couples to but can’t release gliadin, thereby making a B-cell autoantigen, and T-cells respond to this foreign + self hybrid

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10
Q

IL-6 and TGFβ are found together in pathogenesis of _____ and _____.

A

Inflammatory Bowel Disease, Periodontal Disease

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11
Q

HLA-DQ2 is associated with ______.

A

Celiac Disease

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12
Q

What allele is associated with psoriasis?

A

HLA-Cw*06:02

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15
Q

In response to stress or damage, epi and other cells secrete ____.

A

IL-6

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16
Q

Which cytokine is implicated as pathogenic in psoriasis?

A

IL-23 from Th17

17
Q

Name 2 hypotheses as to why there has been an increase in allergic responses and autoimmune diseases.

A
  1. Hygeine Hypothesis 2. Old Friends Hypothesis
18
Q

How do T0s differentiate into Tregs?

A

when TGFβ is present

18
Q

Which cytokines are present in Periodontal Disease?

A

IL-6 and TGFβ

19
Q

What is the antigen in Celiac Disease?

A

tissue transglutaminase 2 (TG2)

20
Q

What is the Hygeine Hypothesis?

A

exposure to environmental dirt and infections helps the immune system properly develop; otherwise Th2 dominates the system

22
Q

What immunoglobulin do the Peyer’s Patches resident B cell make?

A

IgA

23
Q

What cells make IL-10, and what does it do?

A

dendritic cells; stimulates Treg development

24
Q

How were whipworms shown to help UC and Crohns pts?

A

pts ingested harmless worm ova, which increased Treg cells in the gut, thereby suppressing Th1, Th2, and Th17 and relieving symptoms

25
Q

What is tissue transglutaminase 2 (TG2)?

A

the antigen in Celiac disease

26
Q

What is Chronic Beryllium Disease?

A

pulmonary inflammation and fibrosis from beryllium dust inhalation

27
Q

How does beryllium become antigenic in the lungs?

A

it covalently links to peptides, making novel epitopes that activate Th1 and maybe Th17, and later Th2

28
Q

How can the gut revert to normal in Celiac Disease?

A

avoidance of gluten

29
Q

What are Peyer’s Patches?

A

clumps of lymphoid nodules in the ileum that are full of immune cells

30
Q

What cytokine is in abundance in the Peyer’s Patches?

A

TGFβ

31
Q

What kind of cells are abundant in Peyer’s Patches?

A

Treg, Tfh, dendritic cells, macs, B cells

32
Q

What does TGFβ do?

A

differentiates T0 into Treg

33
Q

Name chronic frustrated immune response diseases.

A
  1. inf. bowel disease (IBD) (incl. Crohn’s, ulcerative colitis) 2. Celiac Disease 3. psoriasis 4. periodontal disease 5. chronic beryllium disease
34
Q

HLA-DP is associated with _____.

A

Chronic Beryllium Disease

Lindsey's Blood and Lymph Unit III (10 decks)

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