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AU14 Periodontology > Exam 2; Gingival Diseases 2 > Flashcards

Exam 2; Gingival Diseases 2 Flashcards

1
Q

What are the characteristics of lichen planus

A

characteristic skin lesions (wickham striae)
oral involvement alone is common
various clinical appearances
any area of the oral mucosa

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2
Q

This is a small, inflammatory, congested spot on the skin, a pimple

A

papula

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3
Q

this is a mesh; in the form of a network

A

reticular

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4
Q

this is a patch on the skin or on a mucous surface

A

plaque

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5
Q

This is wasting, a decrease in the size of tissue

A

atrophy

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6
Q

This is affected with an ulcer, open sore or lesion of the skin or mucosa accompanied by the sloughing of inflamed necrotic tissue

A

ulcerative

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7
Q

This is a large blister or skin vesicle filled with fluid

A

bulla

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8
Q

Lichen plans can also look like this

A

oral lichenoid lesions

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9
Q

What are three examples of oral lichenoid lesions

A

lesions in contact with dental restorations
lesions associated with various types of restorations
a group of systemic diseases

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10
Q

What is the treatment for oral lichenoid lesions

A

biopsy
take sample for culture if questioning candida
traumatic plaque control
topical corticosteroids to control pain, discomfort

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11
Q

This is a group of disorders in which autoantibodies towards components of the basement membrane result in detachment of the epithelium from the connective tissue

A

pemphigoid

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12
Q

What is the histology behind pemphigoid

A

autoantibody reactions against hemidesmosomes and lama lucida components

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13
Q

Pemphigoid results in deposits of what things

A

C3
IgG
other Ig’s

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14
Q

What are the three types of pemphigoids

A

bullous
benign mucous membrane
cicatrical (scar formation)

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15
Q

What is the nicholsky sign

A

rubbing of the gingiva creates bulla formation

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16
Q

What is the treatment for pemphigoid

A

plaque removal with daily use of chlorahexidine and/or topical corticosteroid

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17
Q

This results from the formation of intraepithelial bullae in the skin and mucous membranes; painful desquamative lesions, erosions, or ulcerations

A

pemphigus vulgaris

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18
Q

Which group of people is more susceptible to pemphigus vulgaris

A

strong genetic background in Jewish and Mediterranean

typically in the middle aged or elderly

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19
Q

What is the histology being pemphigus vulgaris

A

acantholysis (due to destruction of the desmosomes)
pericellular epithelial deposits of IgG and C3
circulating autoantibodies against intraepithelial adhesion molecules

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20
Q

This is an acute, sometimes recurrent vesiculobullous disease affecting both mucous membranes and the skin; swollen lips often with extensive crust formation of the vermillion border; oral involvement in 25-60% of cases

A

erythema multiforme

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21
Q

What are the characteristics of erythema multiforme

A

bullae that rupture and leave extensive ulcers
characteristic skin lesions (iris appearance + bulla)
extensive necrosis; Stevens-Johnson
may occur at any age buy mostly young individuals

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22
Q

Erythema multiforme appears to be a cytotoxic immune response towards what

A

keratinocytes precipitating by a wide range of factors including herpex simplex and various drugs

23
Q

What is the treatment of erythema multiforme

A

plaque control; local/systemic

24
Q

This is an autoimmune connective tissue disorders in which autoantibodies form to various cellular constituents

A

lupus erythematous

25
Q

What is the clinical manifestation of lupus erythematous

A

central atrophic area with small white dots surrounded by irradiating fine white striae with a periphery of telangiectasia; butterfly lesions
lesions can be ulcerated and cannot be differentiated from leukoplakia or atrophic oral lichen planus

26
Q

What is the histology of lupus erythematous

A

degeneration of basal cells and increased width of the basement membrane
deposits of Ig’s, C3, and fibrin along the basement membrane

27
Q

What are some examples of drug induced mucocutaenous disorders

A 
gingival hyperplasia
erythema multiform
oral ulceration
epithelial atrophy, superficial sloughing
intense erythema
28
Q

What are some drugs that can cause mucocutaneous disorders

A 
immunosuppressants
calcium channel blockers
anti-epipleptic
anti-malarial
anti-neoplastic
methotrexate
29
Q

This GI disease can cause chronic granulomatous infiltrates of the wall of gastrointestinal tract

A

Crohn’s disease

30
Q

This hematological disorder can cause swelling, petechia, and erythema of the gingiva, 69% of patients with this have oral signs

A

leukemia

31
Q

This reactive process of the periodontal soft tissue is sessile, well-circumscribed smooth-surfaced modules

A

fibroma/focal fibrous hyperplasia

32
Q

What is the histology behind a fibroma

A

cell-poor, hyper plastic collagenous tissue

may show hyperkeratinization

33
Q

What could fibroma be differentially diagnosed as

A

giant cell fibroma

34
Q

This reactive process of the periodontal soft tissue is often reddish, and ulcerated reactive lesion with highly cell-rich areas below uncharted sites; fibrous proliferation in which bone or cementum like hard tissue is formed

A

calcified fibroblastic granuloma

35
Q

This reactive process of the periodontal soft tissue is ulcerated, at the gingival margins, reddish or bluish, sometimes lobulated, sessile or pedunculate; bleeding is common
high vascular with chronic inflammatory cells

A

pyogenic granuloma

36
Q

This reactive process of the periodontal soft tissue can be found anywhere on the gingival mucosa, pedunculate or sessile, red or purple, commonly ulcerated; a focal collection of multi-nucleated osteoclast-like giant cells with richly cellular and vascular stroma separated by collagenous septa; probably originated from PDL

A

peripheral giant cell granuloma

37
Q

This reactive process of the periodontal hard tissue usually has no symptoms, vital tooth, fibrous-osseus cement lesions
the perioapical bone is replaced by cellular fibroblastic tissue through cementoblastic phase

A

periapical cemental dysplasia

38
Q

This benign neoplasm of the periodontal soft tissue is a rather frequent tumor of oral mucosa, flat or raised, sometime lobulated, soft lesions of blue - red color; asymptomatic by may bleed, blanch on pressure; capillary or cavernous types

A

hemangioma

39
Q

This benign neoplasm of the periodontal soft tissue is a pigmented lesion containing melanocytes in the CT, mostly seen in the palate, flat, slightly raised lesions or tumors, brown or black; located along the basal layer of epithelium

A

nevus

40
Q

This benign neoplasm of the periodontal soft tissue is exophytic, pedunculate, or sessile lesions, reddish/normal or whitish/grey in color
granular/moruloid or filiform/digitated surface

A

papilloma; HPV is commonly found

41
Q

This benign neoplasm of the periodontal soft tissue is less common in oral mucosa than the skin; lips and palate are main location; sessile, exophytic or raised lesion with a whitish surface
papillomatous surface with hyperkeratinization and elongated rete pegs
HPV 2 or 4

A

verruca vulgaris

42
Q

This benign neoplasm of the periodontal soft tissue is non-ulcerated sessile or pedunculate gingival lesions
generally detected in the soft tiara around unerupted teeth
histopathology similar to intraossesus forms of tumors

A

peripheral odontogenic tumors

43
Q

This benign neoplasm of the periodontal hard tissue is derived from odontogenic epithelium and has well-circumscribed radiolucency

A

ameoloblastoma

44
Q

This benign neoplasm of the periodontal hard tissue is derived from the PDL, presumable from epithelial rests of Malassez
often associated with lateral root surface
rare

A

squamous odontogenic tumor

45
Q

This benign neoplasm of the periodontal hard tissue is a slow growing neoplasm forming hard tissue around the apex of a tooth
radiolucency typically surrounded by a radiolucent margin

A

benign cementoblastoma

46
Q

This malignant neoplasm of the periodontal soft tissue is found on the mandible, posterior to premolars; nodular lesions often with ulceration and surrounding leukoplakia
regional lymph-node metastasis is common

A

squamous cell carcinoma

47
Q

These malignant neoplasms of the periodontal soft tissue are the majority of times intradoses; most are carcinoma and not sarcoma

A

metastasis of the gingiva

48
Q

This malignant neoplasm of the periodontal soft tissue is a skin lesion followed by oral lesions, gingiva is the second most after palate, re-occurance with AIDS

A

kaposi’s sarcoma

49
Q

This malignant neoplasm of the periodontal soft tissue is rare in the oral cavity and occurs frequently among HIV-infected patients

A

malignant lymphoma

50
Q

This malignant neoplasm of the periodontal hard tissue diagnosis required clinical and radiographic examinations, 7% occur in the jaw, widening of the PDL is common

A

osteosarcoma

51
Q

This malignant neoplasm of the periodontal hard tissue is found 10-20% of the time in the jaws, associated with swelling, tenderness, pain, and loosening of teeth

A

langerhans cell disease (histiocytosis X)

52
Q

What is the difference between an tumor and a cyst

A 
tumor = growth of tissue, something bad
cyst = empty sac, sometimes filled with fluid, need to remove all cell layers
53
Q

What is the histology being lichen plants

A

Sub epithelial band-like accumulation of lymphocytes
Type IV hypersensitivity
Fibrin in basement membrane

54
Q

What is deposited in lichen planus

A

IgM
C3
C4
C5

AU14 Periodontology (29 decks)

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