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AU14 Periodontology > Exam 2; Periodontal Indices > Flashcards

Exam 2; Periodontal Indices Flashcards

1
Q

What two things aid in identification of disease

A

assessment of inflammation and loss of periodontal tissue support

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2
Q

What three things can be combined with initial treatment

A

recall
periodontal maintenance
referral to periodontist

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3
Q

What is the purpose of the simplified oral hygiene index (OHI-S)

A

to assess oral cleanliness by estimating the tooth surface covered with debris and/or calculus

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4
Q

What are the two components of the OHI-S

A

simplified debris index

simplified calculus index

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5
Q

What are some difficult tooth selection areas

A

facials of 3, 8, 14, 24

linguals of 19 and 30

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6
Q

What are the scores of the OHI

A

0 = excellent

  1. 1-1.2 = good
  2. 3-3.0 = fair
  3. 1-6.0 = poor
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7
Q

This assess the amount of plaque at the gingival margin, examining the same anatomical units as the GI

A

plaque index

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8
Q

What is the range of plaque scores

A

0-3

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9
Q

What is the plaque score of visible plaque

A

2 or 3

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10
Q

What does a plaque score of 0 and 1 mean

A 
0 = no visible plaque
1 = spots of plaque at the cervical margin
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11
Q

What does a plaque score of 2 and 3 mean

A 
2 = thin, continuous band of plaque ≤1 mm wide
3 = plaque band > 1mm but <1/3 of crown height
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12
Q

What does a plaque score of 4 or 5 mean

A 
4 = plaque covering ≥ 1/3 but < 2/3 crown height
5 = plaque covering ≥ 2/3 crown height
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13
Q

This plaque index is biased toward the gingival third and is the most frequently used plaque index in clinical trails; uses a disclosing agent

A

Quigley-Hein

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14
Q

What are the three NIDR calculus indices

A 
0 = calculus is absent
1 = supraginiva calculus, but no sub gingival
2 = supra and sub gingival calculus or subgingival is only present
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15
Q

This index determines the quantity of supra gingival calculus; linguals of lower anteriors and is the most frequently used caucus index in longitudinal studies

A

Volpe-Manhold Index

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16
Q

How is the quantity of the Volpe-Manhold Index determined

A

in mm of calculus along the 2 diagonal and the central lines drawn over the lingual surface of each tooth

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17
Q

This index is when the facial surface is divided in 3 scoring units; gingival units affected with gingivitis are counted, presence or absence of inflammation is counted as 1 or 0; severity is considered

A

papillary-marginal-attachment index

18
Q

What is the gingival index

A

the severity of inflammation is assessed in 4 distinct gingival areas

19
Q

What are the four distinct gingival areas of the GI

A

distofacial papilla
facial margin
mesiofacial papilla
lingual gingival margin

20
Q

How do you score the GI

A

0-3

bleeding is considered and is automatically 2 or more

21
Q

What is the GI useful for

A

the calculation of prevalence and severity in population and individual

22
Q

What are the 1 and 2 GI indices

A

slight change in color

little changes in texture

23
Q

What are the 3 and 4 gingival indices

A 
3 = moderation inflammation; glazing, redness, edema, a/o hypertrophy
4 = severe inflammation; marked redness, edema, a/0 hypertrophy, bleeding, congestion, or ulceration
24
Q

This is a valid indicator for periodontal stability, but a poor indicator of periodontal breakdown

A

bleeding on probing

25
Q

How would you properly measure bleeding on probing

A

probe is inserted to the bottom on the periodontal pocket. bleeding is observed 15 seconds following retraction of the probe; scored a 1 or 0

26
Q

In the extent and severity index (ESI) what is the agreement, extent, and severity defined as

A 
agreement = disease is defined at attachment loss >1mm
extent = proportion of tooth sites in patient showing signs of destructive periodontitis
severity = amount of attachment loss at diseased site expressed as a mean value
27
Q

How would you score the periodontal index system

A 
1-2 = gingivitis
6 = gingivitis with pocket formation
8 = advanced destruction with loss of masticatory function
28
Q

How would you score the periodontal disease index system

A

1, 2, 3 = severity of gingivitis
4 = initial attachment loss
5 = moderate attachement loss (>3mm)
6 = advanced attachment loss (>6mm)

29
Q

This was primarily designed to assess periodontal treatment needs in underserved parts of the world; 10 index teeth are examined and worst finding is recorded per sextant

A

community periodontal index of treatment needs (CPITN)

30
Q

What is the purpose of periodontal screening and recording (PSR)

A

PSR is a rapid and effective way to screen patients for periodontal diseases and summarized necessary information with minimum documentation

31
Q

How do you score the PSR

A

How deep is the pocket probing depth (can you see colored area or not) 1-4
calculus +/-
defective margins +/-
BOP +/-

32
Q

What are 5 benefits of PSR

A 
early detection
speed
simplicity
cost-effective
recording ease
risk management
33
Q

What are three limitations of PSR

A

it only detects periodontal disease, does not replace treatment
patients who have been treated before require periodic comprehensive exams
designed for adults use, not children or adolescents with mixed dentition

34
Q

This feature of gingival indices measures a condition in the same subject repeatedly and obtains the same score results each time

A

reliability

35
Q

This feature of diagnostic testing uses sensitivity and specificity of various diagnostic tools to create an index

A

validity

36
Q

This potential problem is when the examiner’s general impression of target distorts his/her perception of the target on specific dimensions

A

halo effect

37
Q

This potential problem is the examiners tendency to be lenient or severe

A

leniency/severity error

38
Q

This potential problem is the examiners reluctance to rate at all either the positive or negative extreme, so all scores cluster in the middle

A

central tendency error

39
Q

This is the probability that a test result will be positive when the test is administered to people who actually have the disease in question

A

sensitivity

40
Q

This is the probability that a test will be negative when administered to people who are free of disease in question

A

specificity

41
Q

This is the probability of disease in a subject with a positive test result

A

predictive value positive

42
Q

This is the probability of not having the disease when the test is negative

A

predictive value negative

AU14 Periodontology (29 decks)

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