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Year 1 > OS2 Equations > Flashcards

OS2 Equations Flashcards

1
Q

Nernst potential

A

61 log [outside cell] / [ inside cell]

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2
Q

2 equations for MAP

A
  1. SVR x CO

2. Diastolic + 1/3 pulse pressure

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3
Q

2 equations for pulse pressure

A
  1. Systolic pressure - diastolic pressure

2. Stroke volume / aortic compliance

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4
Q

Cardiac output (2 equations)

A
  1. stroke volume x heart rate

2. O2 consumption / (O2 pulmonary vein - O2 pulmonary artery)

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5
Q

relationship of length and radius to resistance

A

increase length, increase resistance; increase radius, decrease resistance

ηL/r^4

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6
Q

SVR

A

MAP-RAP / (CO x 80)

flow = P/R
R = P/flow

sometimes right atrial pressure is ignored since very small and hard to measure

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7
Q

tension + stress

A 
tension = length x radius
stress = (length x radius) / thickness
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8
Q

Flow (Q)

A

delta P / resistance

pressure = resistance x flow

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9
Q 
Diffusion flow (J)
how it's affected by:
-thickness
-area
-concentration difference
A

[D x A (C1-C2)] / X

X= thickness 
D= diffusion coefficient
A= area
C1-C2 = concentration difference
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10
Q

Velocity of fluid flow

A

V = flow / area

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11
Q

Starling’s Law Equation for flow Q

A

Q = K [(Pc-Pi) – σ (πc –πi)]

K = filtration coefficient

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12
Q

Stroke work

A

Stroke volume x Mean arterial Pressure

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13
Q

Stroke volume

A

End diastolic volume - end systolic volume

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14
Q

Cardiac Efficiency

A

external work / internal work

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15
Q

internal work is a function of what type of factors?

A

laplace law (Regading tension)

  • thickness
  • radius (dilated ventricle)
  • increase in pressure

increased tension –> increased internal work –> decreased cardiac efficiency

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16
Q

2 Equations for compliance

A
  1. dV/dP (measure of pressure change for a given change volume
  2. stroke volume / pulse pressure (PP = SV/compliance)
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17
Q

Inverse of compliance

A

stiffness

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18
Q

Ejection Fraction

A

Stroke volume / End diastolic volume

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19
Q

Clearance rate

A

(Ux * V) / Px

20
Q

Filtered Load

A

GFR * Px

21
Q

Excretion rate

A

Ux * V = FLx + S - R

22
Q

Fractional Excretion

A

(Ux*V) / FLx

23
Q

Filtration Fraction

A

GFR / RPF

24
Q

Anion Gap

A

[Na] - [Cl] - [HCO3]

25
Q

Net Acid Excretion

A

[U(NH4)V] + [U(TA)V] - [U(HCO3)*V]

26
Q

Posm

A

2P(Na) + Urea/2.8 + Glucose/18

27
Q

Volume excreted

A

mosm excreted / Urinary osm (mosm/L)

28
Q

Oxygen dissolved in plasma

A

0.003(PO2)

29
Q

O2 carrying capacity of Hb

A

1.34 ml O2

30
Q

hemoglobin capacity of O2

A

[Hb] x carrying capacity

normal values: 15 g Hb/dl blood x 1.34 mlO2/gHb

31
Q

O2 content

A

O2 saturation x O2 carrying capacity + amount dissolved

(Hbsatuation x 1.34 x [Hb]) + .003PaO2

when PaO2 = 100, SaO2 = 98%

32
Q

relationship between oxygen capacity (O2 bound to hemoglobin) and PO2

A

nonlinear

33
Q

Respiratory Quotient (RQ)

A

CO2 production/O2 consumption

34
Q

Minute Ventilation (VE)

A

Tidal Volume x respiratory rate

35
Q

Alveolar Ventilation (VA)

A

(Tidal Volume - Dead Space) x respiratory rate

36
Q

FEV1 (forced expiatory volume of air expired in first second) is normally 75-80%, which is expressed as:

A

FEV1 / FVC

FVC = forced vital capacity

37
Q

Alveolar Gas Equation

PAO2

A

PaO2 = PIO2 - (PACO2/RQ)

38
Q

PIO2

A

FIO2(760-47mmHg)

760=Patm
47=Ph20
FIO2 = concentration of O2 (usually 21%

39
Q

pCO2

A

(.863xCO2 produced) / Alveolar ventilation

recall: VA= (TV-DS)xRR

take away point: pCO2 decreases as alveolar ventilation increases

40
Q

Recall that Fick’s law of Diffusion = [D x A (C1-C2)] / X

What is D (diffusion capacity) proportional to?

A

D proportional to solubility / square root (MW)

smaller MW has higher diffusion rate, and higher solubility has higher diffusion rate

41
Q

Pulmonary vein [O2] is measured in _______

Pulmonary artery [O2] is measured in ______

A

peripheral artery

systemic mixed venous blood

42
Q

Coronary perfusion pressure (pushing into heart to give O2–only occurs during diastole)

A

Aortic diastolic pressure - pressure drop across stenosis - LVEDP

43
Q

Dead space

A

VD = VT x (PACO2-PECO2)/PACO2

where PECO2 is PCO2 of expired air

44
Q

pCO2

A

CO2 produced / (TV-DS)rr

45
Q

Tension

Stress

A 
Tension = Pr
Stress = Pr/2h
46
Q

Oxygen uptake (2)

A
  1. Flow x (CaO2-CvO2)

where CvO2= mixed venous O2 content

  1. (Hbx1.34)(SaO2-SvO2) x CO

Year 1 (48 decks)

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