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Spring-Anatomy Exam 2 > Pelvic Neurovasculature > Flashcards

Pelvic Neurovasculature Flashcards

1
Q

What are the 4 main Arteries of the Pelvis?

A

Abdominal aorta
- splits into common iliac arteries.

Common Iliac arteries
- Split into external & internal iliac arteries.

External Iliac Artery
- exits pelvis as femoral artery

Internal Iliac artery

  • enters True pelvis & Branches (3 post. & 7 Ant.)
  • Supplies pelvic organs & gluteal region)
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2
Q

Tell me about the Lateral sacral A.

A

Branch of Internal Iliac A.
Enters ventral sacral foramina.
- Supplies sacrum & ventral sacral nerves.

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3
Q

Tell me about the Iliolumbar A.

A

Branch of Internal Iliac A.
Between iliac crest & L5.
- Supplies medial Ilium & L5

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4
Q

Tell me about the Superior Gluteal A.

A

Branch of Internal Iliac A.

  • Between L5-S1
  • Enters gluteal muscles with superior gluteal nerves
  • EXITS greater sciatic foramen.
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5
Q

Tell me about Inferior Gluteal A.

A

Branch of Internal Iliac artery.

  • Between S2-S3
  • Supplies gluteal muscles with inferior gluteal nerves.
  • NOTE: both Sup. & Inf. Gluteal Aa. exit via greater sciatic foramen.
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6
Q

Where does Sup. Gluteal A enter gluteal region?

A

Superior to piriformis muscle.

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7
Q

Where does Inf. Gluteal A. enter the Gluteal region?

A

Inferior to piriformis muscle.

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8
Q

Tell me about the Internal Pudendal A.

A

Branch of Internal Iliac A.

  • Runs with Pudendal N.
  • Exits pelvis via Greater Sciatic foramen.
  • Enters gluteal region inferomedially to piriformis muscle.
  • crosses over sacrospinous ligament
  • **reenters pelvis thru lesser sciatic foramen to supply UG & Anal Triangles.
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9
Q

What does the Pundendal canal carry?

A

The Pundendal A & N.

*Formed by fascia of obturator internus muscle.

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10
Q

Tell me about the Obturator Artery.

A

Branch of internal iliac.

  • Runs thru obturator canal
  • supplies medial thigh with obturator nerve.
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11
Q

Tell me about the Umbilical A. & Superior Vesicle A.

A

Umbilical is Branch of Internal Iliac A.

  • runs toward ant. abdominal wall.
  • sends off 3-4 superior vesical arteries to bladder
  • terminates as medial umbilical ligament.
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12
Q

Tell me about Corona Mortis…

A

Crown of death (Obturator A. anastomoses with Inferior epigastric vessels ) * Damage to this can cause death in minutes, b/c it opens internal and external iliac systems.

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13
Q

Tell me about the Uterine Artery…

A

Branch of Internal Iliac

  • in females
  • anastomoses with ovarian A. from aorta.
  • Supplies uterus, cervix, & Sup. Vaginal canal
  • NOTE; ureter runs immediately below this artery (water under the bridge)
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14
Q

Tell me about the Vaginal A./Inferior Vesical A.

A

Branch of Internal Iliac artery.

  • in Females: supplies inferior vagina & adjacent bladder and rectum.
  • NOTE: Ureter runs ABOVE this artery.
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15
Q

Tell me about the Rectal artery…

A

Branch of Internal Iliac A.

  • Supplies rectum
  • Anastomoses with superior rectal from IMA & inferior rectal from internal pudendal A.
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16
Q

______ is tied off and cut during a hysterectomy.

A

Uterine A. *Ureter can accidentally be cut and cause serious complications.

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17
Q

What does venous drainage of pelvis?

A

Internal Iliac Veins *then return to IVC

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18
Q

Pelvis venous networks surround what?

A

Bladder, prostate or uterus & rectum.

19
Q

True or false, Venous plexuses have lots of valves…

A

False! They are Valveless

20
Q

Describe the Sacral Nerve Plexus…

A

Somatic innervation!

  • Sciatic & Gluteal Nerves
  • Pudendal nerve
21
Q

Describe the Autonomic nerve plexus of the pelvis…

A
  • Autonomic innervation

- Sympathetic & Parasympathetic

22
Q

______ forms LS trunk & crosses over sacral ala.

A

L4-L5 (sacral plexus)

23
Q

_______ Emerges above piriformis muscle.

A

S1 (Sacral plexus)

24
Q

_______ Emerges thru the piriformis muscle.

A

S2 & S3 (Sacral plexus)

25
Q

______ contributes to pudendal N.

A

S2-S4 (Sacral Plexus)

26
Q

_______ form sciatic & Gluteaal Nerves.

A

L4-S3 (Sacral Plexus)

27
Q

What are the Sympathetic fibers of the Autonomic Plexus?

A

T10 - L2(3) prevertebral plexus

Symp. S2-S4 = sacral splanchnic nerves

28
Q

What are the Parasympathetic fibers of the Autonomic plexus?

A

S2-S4

P-Symp. = Pelvic splanchnic nerves.

29
Q

Describe the Superior Hypogastric Plexus…

A
  • Contains mostly sympathetic fibers
  • Covers bifurcation of aorta & upper sacrum
  • Condenses to form 2 hypogastric nerves.
30
Q

Tell me about the hypogastric Nerve to the inferior Hypogastric Plexus…

A
  • Contains mostly sympathetic fibers
  • Diverge & curse outward bilateral to rectum
  • Expands to form The Inferior Hypogastric plexus!
31
Q

Tell me about the Inf. Hypogastric Plexus..

A
  • Contains both Symp. and P-Symp. fibers.
  • Found covering pelvic viscera bilaterally
  • Serves as main autonomic plexus of pelvis.
32
Q

Where is ganglion Impar located?

A

Anterior to Coccyx

33
Q

Pelvic sympathetic fiber chains are ______ to sacral foramen.

A

Medial

34
Q

What do the Pelvic sympathetic chains terminate as?

A

Ganglion Impar

35
Q

_________ are tiny Symp. fibers off symp. chain.

A

Sacral Splanchnic Nerves.

36
Q

_______ are tiny P-symp. fibers off S2-S4.

A

Pelvic Splanchnic Nerves.

37
Q

Sacral & Pelvic splanchnic nerves both enter ________.

A

Hypogastric plexus

*Fibers travel on arterial branches to pelvic organs!

38
Q

This nerve can be easily injured during rectal surgery or hysterectomy….

A

Splanchnic nerves.

*Results in impaired bladder control or sexual function.

39
Q

Lymphatic vessels and nodes lie along the ______, ___ & ____ vessles.

A

Aorta, IVC & Iliac

40
Q

Lymphatic drainage moves ______ to _____.

A

Superficial to deep

41
Q

True or false, Each organ has its own Lymphatic drainage….

A

True!

42
Q

What does the Right Lymphatic duct drain?

A
  • R.head & Neck
  • R. upper limb
  • R. upper thorax.
43
Q

What does the Thoracic Duct drain?

A
  • L Head & Neck
  • L Upper limb
  • Remainder of thorax, abdomen, pelvis and lower limbs.

Spring-Anatomy Exam 2 (10 decks)

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