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Sociology 112 > Chapter 11- Lecture > Flashcards

Chapter 11- Lecture Flashcards

1
Q

What is the Murdoch 1949 definition of a family?

A

A social group characterized by common residence, economic cooperation, and reproduction. It includes adults of both sexes, at least two of whom maintain a social approved sexual relationship, and one or more children, own or adopted of the sexually cohabitation adults.

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2
Q

What is the Stephens 1963 definition of a family?

A

A social arrangement based on marriage and the marriage contract, including recognition of the rights and duties of parenthood, common residence for husband, wife, and children, and reciprocal obligations between husband and wife.

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3
Q

What are the two dominant family forms?

A

1) Nuclear family

2) Extended family

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4
Q

What is the nuclear family?

A

adult male, adult female, and offspring

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5
Q

What is the extended family?

A

multiple generatons co-residing

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6
Q

What is the family of orientation?

A

the family into which one was born

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7
Q

What is the family of procreation

A

the family one creates by having children or adopting children, and spouse

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8
Q

What is the census family?

A

A married couple (with or without children of either or both spouses), a couple living common-law (with or without children of either or both partners), or a lone parent of any marital status, with at least one child living in the same dwelling. A couple may be of opposite sex.

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9
Q

What is the economic family?

A

A group of two or more persons who live in the same dwelling and are related to each other by blood, marriage, common-law, or adoption. A couple may be of opposite sex.

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10
Q

What is Richler’s monolithic bias?

A

One ideal type of family is considered ‘normal’

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11
Q

What are some of the important aspects of family (6)?

A

socialization, emotional relationships, residence, economics, sexuality, and reproduction

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12
Q

Millennials tend to look at___as family.

A

friends

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13
Q

What is significant about the Civil Marriage Act, Bill C-38?

A

Legalized same-sex unions

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14
Q

Marriage is on the incline or decline?

A

decline

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15
Q

In 2011, ___% of Canadian families were married couples compared to___% in 1981.

A
  • 67

- 83

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16
Q

Cohabitation is___binding; now prevalent in all classes.

A

cohabitation

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17
Q

The line between which two lifestyles is not clear?

A

legal marriage and cohabitation

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18
Q

Prior to the 1968 Divorce act, divorce was only granted under what circumstances?

A

Only on the basis of adultery, desertion or imprisonment, or when spouses lived separately for three years.

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19
Q

What was 1985 “no-fault” divorce?

A
  • Rates of divorce rose significantly

- Reduced waiting time period

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20
Q

What changed with the 1997 amendments to the Divorce Act?

A

Child support calculated based on income of the non-custodial parent.

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21
Q

How does functionalism approach family?

A
  • Social institutions are understood to be interdependent and to exist in harmony with one another
  • Family is a major social institution
  • Influenced by societal norms
  • Every aspect exists because it is needed
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22
Q

What did Talcott Parsons believe about families?

A

Industrialization led to functions associated with families becoming more specialized.

23
Q

What are Talcott Parsons’ two roles?

A
  • Expressive Role

- Instrumental Role

24
Q

What is the expressive role?

A

Responsible for well-being of the family members and the socialization of children

25
Q

What is the instrumental role?

A

Responsible for paid labour outside the home

26
Q

What is the conflict theory approach to families?

A
  • People are situated in relation to the means of production
  • Look at the family’s relationship to the state
27
Q

What does Friedrich Engels believe about families (3 points)?

A
  • Families shifted from being organized around production to consumption
  • Material conditions determine family life
  • Women and children dependent upon male wage earners
28
Q

What do Meg Luxton and June Corman (Marxist Feminist theorists) call attention to?

A

Social reproduction–all that goes into the daily and generational reproduction of the population.

29
Q

How does symbolic interactionism approach families?

A
  • Micro approach investigating how family members’ behaviours are shaped by they definitions and interpretations of particular situations
  • Use ‘roles’ as one of basic concepts
30
Q

What does Goffman argue about families?

A

Argued that people are like actors in the theatre, everyone plays roles in daily life

31
Q

What is Goffman’s role strain?

A

The stress that results when someone does not have sufficient resources to play a role or roles.

32
Q

How does feminist theory approach families?

A
  • Families remain primary sites for the continued subordination of women
  • Family forms are both time and place specific
  • Familial ideology that proposes one family model privileges men and subordinates women
33
Q

What does feminist theory challenge with families? What do they reject?

A

Challenge the ideology that the family is a ‘private’ sphere. Reject assertions that men’s and women’s roles within the families are a natural outcome biological difference.

34
Q

How does post-structuralist theory approach families? What does post-structuralist theory seek to dismantle about families?

A
  • Seeks to dismantle prevailing discourses about families
  • Categories such as “good mother” or “good father” saturated in power relations
  • Anyone in family with power
  • Examine relations of power
35
Q

How does queer theory approach families?

A
  • Question heteronormativity

- Question assumption that all families are formed through heterosexual union

36
Q

What are the two types of labour that families depend on that are in conflict with one another?

A

1) income generating work

2) unpaid domestic labour

37
Q

What negotiates the conflict between income generating work and unpaid domestic labour?

A

State partially through schools and healthcare

38
Q

What is required to maintain a household?

A

Increase in paid-working hours

39
Q

To sustain family of 2 adults and 2 children:___hours paid work in 1970s vs. ___to___hours by 1990s.

A
  • 44
  • 65
  • 80
40
Q

What does Marilyn Waring believe about domestic labour?

A

Domestic labour should be calculated and valued such that women could be compensated and have their work recognized.

41
Q

According to Statistics Canada, what is unpaid domestic labour values at a year?

A

$297 billion

42
Q

What is the Second Shift according to Arlie Hochschild?

A

The Second Shift refers to the domestic labour performed by employed women at home after finishing their paid workdays

43
Q

What is often construed as a “haven in a heartless world”?

A

the family

44
Q

Women are more than___as likely to be assaulted by someone they know than by a stranger.

A

twice

45
Q

Some account for___%of victims of family violence.

A

85

46
Q

Women aged___to___experience highest rates of violence committed by a spouse.

A

25 to 34

47
Q

Women are___likely than men to be severely assaulted.

A

more

48
Q

What is intimate femicide?

A

The killing of women by their intimate male partners.

49
Q

Intimate femicide accounted for what percent (minority or majority as well) of women killed in Ontario between 1974 and 1994?

A
  • majority

- between 63% and 76%

50
Q

True or false: Victims of intimate femicide come from all social classes, age groups, and cultural and ethnic origins?

A

True

51
Q

What percent of intimate femicides take place in victim’s home?

A

75%

52
Q

What do feminists argue that we can understand about intimate femicide?

A

That we can understand this violence as an extension of men’s propriety attitudes toward the intimate women in their lives.

53
Q

What is intimate femicide reflective of?

A

Reflective of larger social relations of masculinity and femininity; Male dominance in social hierarchy
-Men take out anger and stress from work on their spouses.

Sociology 112 (19 decks)

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