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Anatomy 1 > Jaw musculature and TMJ > Flashcards

Jaw musculature and TMJ Flashcards

1
Q

What is the TMJ

A

The articulation between 3 bone surface:
mandibular fossa
articulations tubercle
head of mandible

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2
Q

Where does the articulate tubercle come from

A

The squamous part of the temporal bone

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3
Q

What are the extra capsular ligaments that act to stabilise the TMJ

A

Lateral ligament
Sphenomandibular ligament
Stylomandibular

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4
Q

What is the lateral ligament

A

Sometimes called the temporomandibular joint ligament

It is the major ligament for the joint and provides much strength for it and prevents dislocation

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5
Q

What does the stylomandibular ligament do

A

Along with the facial muscle, supports the weight of the jaw

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6
Q

What are the articulations surfaces of the bones separated by

A

The articular disc

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7
Q

What does the articulations disc do

A

Prevents the rubbing of the bones

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8
Q

What are the articulations surfaces of bone covered by

A

Fibrocartilage

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9
Q

What is the mandible formed by

A

The union of 2 halves, each having a horizontal body and a vertical ramp

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10
Q

What is the mandible angle

A

Where the ramus and the body meet

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11
Q

What are the processes of the ramus

A

The coronoid process and the condylar process

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12
Q

What is the coronoid process

A

The site of attachment for the temporal is muscle

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13
Q

What is the mandibular foramen

A

Passageway for neurovascular structures

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14
Q

What is the mental foramen

A

Passageway for neuromuscular structures

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15
Q

Where is the mental foramen

A

Below the second premolar tooth

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16
Q

What does the mental foramen transmit

A

Terminal branches of the inferior alveolar nerve and the mental artery

17
Q

What is the mental spine

A

A small projection of bone on the posterior aspect of the mandible in the midline

18
Q

What type of joint is the TMJ

A

Synovial

19
Q

Why is it unusual that the surfaces of the joint are lined with fibrocartilage

A

Synovial joints are usually lined with hyaline cartilage

20
Q

What is the capsule

A

A fibrous membrane that surrounds the joint and attached to the articular eminence, the articular disk and the neck of the mandibular condyle

21
Q

What is the styloid process

A

Bone that extends down from the temporal bone just below the ear - aids with stabilisation

22
Q

What can an elongated styloid process do

A

Cause mechanical damage to the carotid artery

23
Q

What are the surfaces of the articular disc like

A

Concave undersurface and concavoconvex upper surface

24
Q

What is the function of the concavoconvex upper surface

A

Provides friction free gliding surface for the condyle of the mandible and allows it to fit into the articular tubercle and fossa

25
Q

What muscles are involved in elevation of the mandible

A

Temporal is
Masseter
Medial pterygoid

26
Q

What muscle is responsible for the protrusion and depression of the mandible

A

Lateral pterygoid depression assisted by digastric, geniohyoid and mylohoid muscles
Protrusion assisted by medial pterygoid

27
Q

What muscle is responsible for retraction

A

Temporalis

28
Q

How is lateral movement achieved

A

Alternately protruding and retracting the mandible on each side

29
Q

When is the TMJ most stable

A

Mandible is elevated
Teeth are occluded
Condyle is secure in the articular fossa

30
Q

What is a common injury of the TMJ

A

Forward dislocation

31
Q

What is the blood supply of the TMJ

A

External carotid - superficial temporal and maxillary branches

32
Q

What is the nerve supply of the TMJ

A

Auriculotemporal and masseteric nerve (from CN 5)

33
Q

What are the muscles of mastication

A

Masseter
Temporalis
Medial pterygoid
Lateral pterygoid

34
Q

What does the medial pterygoid do

A

Elevates and protrudes mandible

35
Q

What does the lateral pterygoid do

A

Protrusion and depression of mandible

Anatomy 1 (23 decks)

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