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Nursing 250 > COMMUNITY---WEEK # 2 > Flashcards

COMMUNITY---WEEK # 2 Flashcards

1
Q

The degree to which individuals have the capacity to obtain, process, and understand basic health information and services needed to make appropriate health decisions

A

HEALTH LITERACY

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2
Q

(4) Health Care BARRIERS in the RURAL Population

A
  • Lack of Transportation
  • Poverty
  • Distance
  • Decreased Providers insurance / coverage
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3
Q

DIFFERENCE between IMMIGRANTS and REFUGEES?

A
  • IMMIGRANTS:
    • Voluntarily (most often) come to the U.S
    • are NOT protected under international law
    • waiting period for financial assistance with medical care
    • UNAUTHORIZED immigrants are only eligible for immunizations, school lunch, tx for communicable disease and emergency care.
  • REFUGEES
    • Forced to leave place of origin due to disaster, war or threatening evironment.
    • Eligible for TANF (food stamps) Medicaid, SSI
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4
Q

Failure to provide physical care, emotional care, education for a child…or needed health / dental care

A

NEGLECT

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5
Q

Issues affecting MIGRANT workers

A
  • Inconsistent Income
  • Unsanitary working / housing conditions
  • Not covered under labor laws
  • Minors (>12 yrs of age or older) are NOT covered under the Child Labor Act and can work alongside family members, even under hazardous conditions
  • Pesticide exposure causes greatest risk to the children.
  • Language Barriers
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6
Q

Key points (8) associated with RURAL POPULATIONS

A

“DUPED MOM”

Deceased access to health care

Underserved

Population <20,000

Education (decreased)

Decreased health status and health seeking behavior

Morbidity/Mortality increased - Women / infant / elderly

Obese

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7
Q

Health professional shortage area

A

Geographic area, population group or medical facility with shortages of health care professionals that MAY NOT ALLOW a full complement of health care services.

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8
Q

_____________violence occurs when pain or harm results

A

PHYSICAL

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9
Q

\

Strategies to DECREASE VIOLENCE

A
  • Education
  • Conflict resolution
  • parenting classes
  • available services
  • decrease stress
  • reporting abuse
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10
Q

Guidelines for providing culturally compentent nursing care

A
  • Develop Cultural self-awareness
  • Understand how personal beliefs impact care
  • Spiritual beliefs-even if in opposition to your personal beliefs
  • Recognize that the meaning of health differs with each culture
  • Check clients herbal/alternative methods- be sure they are not interacting with medications
  • Develop cultural knowledge
  • Accomodate cultural practices in healthcare by using an interpreter (federally mandated)
  • Respect culturally based family roles
    • family involvement
    • personal space
    • eye contact
    • diets
  • AVOID mandating any changes
  • Seek cultural assistance PRN
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11
Q

behavior that “minimizes” an individuals feelings of self-worth or humiliates, threatens or intimidates a family member is knows as ______________ violence.

A

EMOTIONAL

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12
Q

Medically Underserved Population is calculated based on (4) criteria

A

​

  • Population to Provider Ratio (per 1000 population)
  • percent of the population below the federal poverty level
  • percent of population >65 yrs old
  • Infant mortality rate
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13
Q

Define Vulnerability

A

social groups who have an increased risk to adverse health outcomes

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14
Q

“4” factors that affect culturally diverse interactions

A

C-<em>ultural background of each participant</em>

E-xpectations and beliefs of each person about healthcare

C-ultural context of the encounter

D-egree of agreement between beliefs and values

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15
Q

Subgroup of the population with a HIGHER health problem risk because of marginalization

A

UNDERSERVED POPULATION

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16
Q

What is a medical underserved population?

A

Area or population with:

  • LACK of access to Primary care providers
  • HIGH Infant Mortality rate
  • HIGH poverty level
  • HIGH percentage of Elderly patients (>65 yrs)
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17
Q
A
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18
Q

When speaking of Cultural competency…Describe “CULTURAL ACCOMODATION”

A

Supporting and facilitating the clients use of cultural practices that are beneficial to the clients health

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19
Q

When speaking of Cultural competency…Describe “CULTURAL PRESERVATION”

A

Assisting the client to maintain traditional values and practices.

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20
Q

Culturally competent nursing care is guided by “4” dimensions

A
  • Preservation
    • preservation of clients traditional values/practices
  • Repatterning
    • assisting client to modify cultural practices that are NOT beneficial to their health.
  • Accomodation
    • Support and facilitate the clients’ use of cultural practices that are beneficial to the clients health
  • Brokering
    • Advocate, mediate, negotiate and intervene between the clients culture and health care culture.
21
Q

A nurse is completing a cultural assessment. Which of the following actions would the nurse take first?

A) Asking the client with which culture he/she identifies

B) Establish rapport and trusting relationship with the client

C) Evaluate appropriate data collection tools

D) Assessing the clients religious beliefs

A

B) Establish rapport and trusting relationship with the client

(answer is based on the Maslow Hierarchy of needs)

22
Q

When speaking of Cultural competency…Describe “CULTURAL BROKERING”

A

Advocate, Mediate, Negotiate and Intervene between the clients culture and health care culture

23
Q

(<em>4</em>) ENVIRONMENTAL RISKS

A
  • TOXINS
    • lead, pesticides, mercury, solvents, asbestos, radon
  • AIR POLLUTION
    • carbon monoxide, particulate matter, ozone lead, aerosols, nitrogen dioxide, sulfur dioxide and tobacco smoke
  • WATER POLLUTION
    • wastes, erosion after mining or timbering.
    • run-off from chemicals added to the soil
  • CONTAMINATION
    • food with bacteria
    • pesticides, radiation, medication
24
Q

ADVOCACY is role of the community health nurse. List the (7) things that are basic to client advocacy.

A

A-utonomy of the client

T-rusting relationship

P-atient responsibility

S-ervices (link client to related services)

V-alues of the client are prioritized

E-liminate disparities

S-ervices are _a_cceptible, _a_ccessible, _a_ffordable, _a_ppropriate, _a_vailable

25
Q

What is an extremely important strategy that a community/public health nurse can take to assist vulnerable families?

A) Encourage the families to find and use free food distribution centers

B) Encourage the families to find and attend so-called free clinics for health care

C) Share information about local assistance programs and eligibility requirements

D) Write letters to the editor in the local newspapers

A

C) Share information about local assistance programs and eligibility requirements

26
Q
A
27
Q

Identify the barriers that community members (particularly the vulnerable populations) encounter when accessing health services

A

HINT: “SGC FAIL TIC”

  • Social Isolation
  • Geographic isolation
  • Cultural barriers
  • Financial
  • Availability of providers
  • Insurance Concerns
  • Language tools
  • Transportation issues
  • Inconvienent hours
  • Communication tools
28
Q

(4) Health Care CHALLENGES in the RURAL Population

A
  • Substance Abuse
  • Suicide
  • Isolation
  • Education
29
Q

Health Problems of MIGRANT WORKERS

A
  • ANEMIA
  • DENTAL DISEASE
  • TUBERCULOSIS
  • INFANT MORTALITY RATE
  • RASHES
30
Q

Culturally competent nursing care MUST be sensitive to the needs of __________________________

A
  • individuals
  • families
  • groups
31
Q

Marginalization / Health Disparities can be linked to:

A
  • Socio-cultural status
  • Access to economic resources
  • Age
  • Gender
  • Ethnicity
32
Q

Health literacy is dependent on individual and systemic factors such as:

A

Communication skills of lay persons and professionals

33
Q

Which group of persons is least likely to be considered a vulnerable group at high risk for medical problems?

A) Homeless women and children

B.) Intravenous drug users

C.) Pregnant single teenage girls

D.) Single adolescent boys

A

D.) Single adolescent boys

34
Q

(4) types of violence often seen within a community

A
  • Homicide
  • Assault
  • Rape
  • Suicide
35
Q

What is the relationship between race and ethnicity and health status?

A) Ethnic and racial minorities are equally as vulnerable to poor health status as the rest of the population.

B) Ethnic and racial minorities are less vulnerable to poor health status than the rest of the population.

C) Ethnic and racial minorities are more vulnerable to poor health status than the rest of the population.

D) There is no significant relationship between ethnic and racial background and health status.

A

C) Ethnic and racial minorities are more vulnerable to poor health status than the rest of the population.

36
Q

S/S of potential abuse of an elderly person

A
  • unexplained/repeated injuries
  • physical neglect and unmet basic needs
  • rejection of assistance by the caregiver
  • financial mismanagement
  • withdrawal and passivity
  • depression
37
Q

When speaking of Cultural competency…Describe “CULTURAL REPATTERNING”

A

Assisting the client to modify cultural practices that are NOT beneficial to the clients health

38
Q

________________ violence occurs when sexual contact takes place without consent

A

SEXUAL

39
Q

Nursing in relation to the AIR, LAND, WATER and surroundings of clients

A

ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH

40
Q

Medically Underserved Area (MUA) have a shortage of primary care health services for residents within a geographic area such as:

A
  • May be entire county or a froup of contigous counties
41
Q

(TRUE / FALSE)

Nursing is the smallest subculture of the healthcare system

A

FALSE

Nursing is the LARGEST subculture of the healthcare system

42
Q

This population typically has less than 20,000 residents

A

Rural Populations

43
Q

Who regulates the health care inside of correctional facilities?

A

Federal Bureau of Prisons (Depart. of Justice)

44
Q

Characteristics of Individuals living in Poverty

A
  • Despair - increased Stress
  • Living day to day
  • Unemployment
  • Insufficient insurance coverage
  • Unstable family
  • Poor self respect
  • Isolation
  • Poor nutrition
  • Inreased morbity/mortality rates
45
Q

What is “Cultural Competence”?

A

Cultural Competence is a skill that the nurse develops in learning to respect individual dignity and preferences, as well as acknowledging cultural differences

46
Q

ROLE OF NURSE in ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH

A
  • identify populations at risk for exposure to environmental hazards
  • Conduct assessments of environment
  • Ensure protection from environmental hazards
  • recognizes the link between environmental exposures (AIR, WATER, FOOD, CHEMICAL) and illness and disease across the life span
  • Educate patient about environmental health and safety issues
47
Q
A
48
Q
A
49
Q
A

Nursing 250 (9 decks)

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