Fetal Growth And Nutritiom Flashcards
Stage one embryo growth
Hyperplasia 4-20 weeks
Rapid mitosis and increase DNA content
Stage 2 embryo growth
Hyperplasia and hypertrophy 20-28 weeks
Declining mitosis with increased cell size
Stage 3 embryo growth
Hypertrophy 28-40
Increase in cell size (peak velocity 33 weeeks)
Rapid accumulation of fat muscle and connective tissue
Most fetal weight gained when?
95% in second half
When do we check for growth
12th week (first trimester)
Ultrasound
12 weeks scan is a Routine scan that checks for
Viability single fetus/multiple
Measure crown rump length (top of head to borrow of buttocks)
Routine second trimester scan is
Routine anomaly scan
18-20 weeks
Assess- fetal growth
Fetal anomalies
Placental site
For low risk women what is their
Last scan
Anomaly scan
Low risk women then have what measured (after anomaly )
Fundus to symphysis height
Fundus (variable)
Symphysis (fixed)
Anminiotic fluid is measured to obtain
Amniotic fluid index
Fetal Doppler measures what
Blood flow through umbilical and middle cerebral artery
I’d measurement is high then blood has to work harder to get through
How to analyse fetal growth curves
On trend -appropriate for gestational age
Small for age-on trend but a slightly lower slope
Fetal growth restriction - on trend then platues
Fetal growth restriction occurs due to
Insufficient nutrient
Delivery gas exchange
Vascular disease
02 capacity low
Small for gestational age (sga)
Infant: birth weight < 10th centile
Fetus: EFW OR AC < 10th centile
FGR may result in
Increased morbidity and morality
Still birth
Seizures
Apgar score
Cord ph < 7
Admission to intensive care
Hypothermia
Hypoglycaemia
