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BIO 109 Anatomy and Physiology II > Anatomy of Blood Vessels > Flashcards

Anatomy of Blood Vessels Flashcards

1
Q

______ are named for either the specific part of the body they supply or an area surrounding that specific part

A

blood vessels

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2
Q

____ and ____ generally share the same name

A

veins and arteries

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3
Q

a vessel that carries blood away from the heart

A

artery

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4
Q

a vessel that carries blood toward the heart

A

vein

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5
Q

4 types of arteries:

A
  • elastic arteries - muscular arteries - arterioles - metarteriole
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6
Q

4 types of capillaries:

A
  • true capillaries - continuous capillaries - fenestrated capillaries - sinusoid
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7
Q

an epithelial inner lining. Has 3 layers: - endothelium - basement membrane - internal elastic lamina

A

tunica intima

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8
Q

middle layer of smooth muscle and elastic connective tissue. Helps regulate diameter of the lumen. arteries and veins only

A

tunica media

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9
Q

connective tissue outer covering. Helps anchor the vessels to surrounding tissue

A

tunica externa

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10
Q

wall of blood vessel layers:

A
  • tunica intima - tunica media - tunia externa
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11
Q
  • walls are thick, primarily from smooth muscle - regulate blood pressure and shunt blood flow to where it is needed most - smooth muscle regulates blood pressure, distribution, and volume - help propel onward while ventricles are relaxing
A

arteries

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12
Q

aorta, pulmonary trunk, brachiocephalic, subclavian, common carotid, and commin iliac are known as

A

elastic or conducting arteries

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13
Q

largest arteries in the body, ranging from the garden-hose sized aorta and pulmonary trunk to the finger sized branches of the aorta

A

conducting arteries

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14
Q
  • the smallest arteries - carry blood from arteries to capillaries and regulate blood flow to specific capillary beds - contain smooth muscle and can regulate blood flow
A

arterioles

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15
Q

main transporters of oxygenated blood

A

arteries

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16
Q

diameter is adjusted to regulate blood flow

A

arterioles

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17
Q

diffusion occurs across thin walls

A

capillaries

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18
Q

blood flow through capillaries

A

microcirculation

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19
Q

thin walls allow for effective exchange of material between plasma and interstitial fluid - most important vessels functionally because they allow the delivery and collection of substances - exchange of oxygen, carbon dioxide, nutrients, and waste materials occur here

A

capillaries

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20
Q

the body does not have a sufficient volume of blood for all _____ beds to be open at once

A

capillary

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21
Q

Capillaries do not contain smooth muscle - ________ in arterioles serve to control blood flow into capillaries

A

precapillary sphincters

22
Q
  • vessels that carry blood toward the heart - have thinner walls with less smooth muscle than arteries
A

vessels

23
Q

small veins - small blood vessels that collect blood from capillaries and join together to form veins

A

venules

24
Q

______ increase in size as blood returns to the heart

A

venous vessels

25
Q

larger veins below the heart have ______ to prevent backflow

A

valves

26
Q

pooling of blood in veins caused by: - loss of elasticity in the walls of veins - chronic high venous BP - loss of strength in the valves - decreased muscular pump

A

varicose veins

27
Q

A clot can block circulation. If a clot breaks loose it will move through the circulatory system. It is then called:

A

embolus

28
Q

If the embolus blocks pulmonary capillaries it is called:

A

pulmonary embolism

29
Q

an embolism in the brain is called

A

a stroke/cerebrovascular accident (CVA)

30
Q

clot that has formed in a deep vein, and is very dangerous

A

deep vein thrombosis

31
Q

3 vessel network or major circulatory routes for the blood:

A
  • systemic circulation - pulmonary circulation - hepatic portal circulation
32
Q

carries blood from the heart to the body and back again

A

systemic circulation

33
Q

carries blood from the heart to the lungs and back again

A

pulmonary circulation

34
Q

carries blood through the hepatic portal vein of the liver

A

hepatic portal circulation

35
Q
  • closed loop system - the right side of the heart receives de-oxygenated blood from the body capillaries > venules > veins > vena cava - the left side of theh eart pumps oxygenated blood to the body aorta > arteries > arterioles > capillaries
A

systemic circulation

36
Q

the ____ is the main systemic artery, serving as a trunk from which all other arteries branch

A

aorta

37
Q

venous blood from the head, neck, upper extremities, and thoracic cavity (except lungs) drains into the superior vena cava - venous blood from the lower extremities and abdomen drains into the inferior vena cava

A

systemic veins

38
Q
  • a closed loop system with the hear as the pump - pulmonary arteries carry deoxygenated blood from heart to the lungs - pulmonary veins carry oxygenated blood from the lungs to the heart
A

pulmonary circulation

39
Q

venous blood flows through a second capillary network before returning to the heart - veins from spleen, stomach, pancreas, gallbladder, and intestines send blood to the liver by means of the ____ vein.

A

hepatic portal circulation

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BIO 109 Anatomy and Physiology II (25 decks)

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