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Veterinary Anatomy Final Topics > THRA.7 > Flashcards

THRA.7 Flashcards

1
Q

Which structure do the following enclose:

  • Thoracic vertebrae
  • Sternum
  • Costae
A

Cavum thoracis

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2
Q

What is located at the cranial and caudal end of cavum thoracis?

A
  • Apertura thoracis cranialis
  • Apertura thoracis caudalis
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3
Q

What are characteristic of the thoracic vertebrae?

A
  1. Long spinous processes
  2. Short bodies
  3. Flattened extremities
  4. Short articular processes
  5. Short transverse processes
  6. Foveae for rib attachment
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4
Q

Name the pairs of fovea costalis

A
  1. Foveae costales cranialis
  2. Foveae costales caudales
  3. Foveae costales processus transversi
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5
Q
A

Fovea Costalis Cranialis

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6
Q
A

Fovea Costalis Processus Transversi

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7
Q
A

Fovea Costalis Caudalis

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8
Q
A

Facies Articularis Tuberculi Costae ↔ Fovea Costalis Processus Transversi

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9
Q
A

Facies articularis capitis costae cranialis ↔ Fovea costalis caudalis

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10
Q
A

Facies articularis capitis costae caudalis ↔ Fovea costalis cranialis

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11
Q

Which thoracic vertebra has a perpendicular spinous process to its body?

A

Vertebra anticlinalis

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12
Q

Give the number of thoracic vertebrae in each species

A

Eq: 18

Ru: 13-15

Ca: 12-14

Fe: 13-16

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13
Q

35

A

Arcus costalis

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14
Q

36

A

Spatium intercostale

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15
Q

37

A

Angulus arcuum costalium

Angle between right and left costal arches

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16
Q

6

A

Cartilago costalis

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17
Q

21

A

Genu costae

(Costochondral junction/Symphysis)

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18
Q

Which ribs articulate with the sternum?

A

The first 7-9 ribs

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19
Q

Name given to sternal/true ribs

A

Costae verae

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20
Q

Name given to asternal/false ribs

A

Costae spuriae

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21
Q

How do asternal ribs articulate with the sternum?

A

Indirectly, by uniting with the cartilage of the rib in front

(Forming arcus costalis)

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22
Q

Name the ribs which end caudally and freely in the musculature

A

Costae fluctuantes

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23
Q

Which species alway have the last pair of ribs floating?

A

Ca/Fe

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24
Q

Give the ratio of sternal:asternal ribs amongst the species

A

Eq: 8:10

Ru: 8:5

Ca: 9:4

Su: 7:8

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25
Q

15

A

Facies articularis tuberculi costae

(Located on the tuberculum)

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26
Q

14

A

Tuberculum costae

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27
Q

11

A

Collum costae

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28
Q

10

A

Crista capitis costae

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29
Q

9

A

Facies articularis capitis costae

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30
Q

4

A

Lig. capitis costae radiatum

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31
Q

Which ligament attaches between the two facies articularis capitis costae

A

Lig. capitis costae radiatum

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32
Q

Moving caudally, the necs of the ribs become…

A

Shorter

(Except in Ru)

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33
Q

The region of the rib which is most strongly bent

A

Angulus costae

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34
Q

20

A

Sulcus costae

35
Q

Sulcus costae hosts which structure(s)?

A
  • Intercostal vessels
  • Spinal nerves
36
Q

27

A

Sternebrae

37
Q

30

A

Incisurae costales

38
Q

Where is the attachment point of costal cartilages on the sternum?

A

Incisurae costales

39
Q

The first pair of ribs articulate with which part of the sternum?

A

Manubrium sterni

40
Q

Site between the xiphoid cartilage and the xiphoid process

A

Xiphosternal synchondrosis

41
Q

What joins all the sternebrae together?

A

Synchondrosis sternales

42
Q

24

A

Cartilago manubrii

(Absent/Small in Ru)

43
Q

26

A

Crista sterni

(Eq)

44
Q

Give the number of sternebrae accross the species

A

Eq: 7-8

Ru: 7

Ca: 8-9

Su: 6

45
Q

The xiphoid cartilage caudally attaches to the…

A

Linea alba

46
Q

As it reaches the thorax, lig. nuchae becomes

A

Lig. supraspinale

47
Q

Which bursa is found between the lig. supraspinale and the 2nd/3rd/4th thoracic vertebrae?

A

Bursa subligamentosa supraspinalis

48
Q

At Th3, the lig. subligamentosa supraspinalis thickens into…

A

Pars cucullaris

49
Q

Lig. longitudinale ventrale extends between which two locations?

A

Th8/9 to the promontory of S1

50
Q

At what point does the lig. nuchae become lig. supraspinale?

A

The processus spinosus of T1

51
Q

Name the joint of the ribs and thoracic vertebrae

A

Art. capitis costae

52
Q

Which part of the rib does the discus intervertebralis interact with?

A

The interarticular groove of the costal head

(Each junction has its own capsule)

53
Q

Art. capitis costae behaves like which kind of joint?

A

A restricted spheroidal joint

54
Q

6

A

Lig. intercapitale

55
Q

Describe the position of lig. intercapitale

A
  1. From one head of the rib
  2. Over the dorsal part of the intervertebral disc
  3. Under the dorsal longitudinal ligament (Seperated by a bursa)
  4. To the other rib
56
Q

7

A

Lig. longitudinale dorsale

57
Q

As well as securing ribs together, what is the other function of the lig. intercapitale?

A

To help prevent disc herniation

Why disc herniations are more common in the lumbar region

58
Q

7

A

Art. costotransversaria

Between tuberculum and transverse process

59
Q

Which kind of joint is art. costotransversaria?

A

Sliding synovial joint

60
Q

9

A

Lig. costotransversarium

61
Q

26

A

Art. costochondrales

62
Q

Compare art. costochondrales accross the species

A

Ca/Eq: Junctions are symphysis

Ru/Su: Firm joints

63
Q

11

A

Art. sternocostales

64
Q

What kind of joint is art. sternocostales?

A

Condylar Joint

65
Q

23

A

Art. synovialis manubriosternalis

(Ru/Su)

66
Q

14

A

Lig. sterni

Divides in 3 in Eq

(Sometimes absent in Ca)

67
Q

List the expiratory respiratory muscles

A
  1. M. serratus dorsalis caudalis
  2. M. retractor costae ultimae
  3. M. transversus thoracis
  4. Mm. intercostales interni
  5. M. subcostalis
68
Q

List the inspiratory respiratory muscles

A
  1. M. rectus thoracis
  2. Mm. intercostales externi
  3. Mm. levatores costarum
  4. M. scalenus dorsalis (Ø Eq)
  5. M. scalenus medius
  6. M. scalenus ventralis (Ø Ca)
  7. M. serratus dorsalis cranialis
  8. M. phrenicus
69
Q
A

M. Serratus Dorsalis Caudalis

O: Caudal Superficial Layer of Fascia Thoracolumbalis

I: Ribs 11-13 (Proximally)

A: Expiration

70
Q
A

M. Rectus Thoracis

O: Rib 1 (Distally)

I: Ventrally ribs 2-4 and Sternebrae 2-4

A: Inspiration

71
Q
A

M. Scalenus Dorsalis (Ø Eq)

O: C4-C6 Transverse Process

I: Dorsally Situated: Ribs 1-4

Ventrally Situated: Ribs 1-9

A: Inspiration, Ventrolateral flexion of neck.

72
Q
A

M. Serratus Dorsalis Cranialis

O: Nuchal fascia, T1 - T7 Spinous Process

I: Proximally on Ribs 2-10

A: Inspiration

73
Q
A

M. Retractor Costae Ultimae

O: L1 - L4 Transverse Process, Caudal Thoracolumar Fascia

I: Last Rib (Caudally)

A: Expriation

74
Q
A

M. Levatores Costarum

O: T1 - T12 Transverse Process

I: Cranial Borders of angulus costae on the next Rib

(Covered by Erector Spinae Muscles)

A: Inspiration

75
Q
A

M. Scalenus Medius

O: C6 - C7 Transverse Process

I: Cranial Border Rib 1 (+2 in Ca)

A: Inspiration, Ventrolateral flexion of Neck

76
Q
A

M. Serratus Dorsalis Cranialis

O: Nuchal fascia, T1 - T7 Spinous Process

I: Proximally on Ribs 2-10

A: Inspiration

77
Q
A

M. Transversus Thoracis

O: Inner surface of Sternum

I: Rib 2-8 Costal Cartilages

A: Expiration

78
Q
A

M. Retractor Costae Ultimae

O: L1 - L4 Transverse Process, Caudal Thoracolumar Fascia

I: Last Rib (Caudally)

A: Expriation

79
Q

21

A

M. scalenus ventralis (Ø Ca)

O: C3 - C6 transverse process

I: Middle of R1

A: Flex neck ventrolaterally

80
Q
A

M. subcostalis

O/I: Ribs 9-11, internal surface

A: Expiration

81
Q
A

M. intercostales externi

O: Sulcus muscularis costae

I: Cranial border of next rib

A: Inspiration

82
Q
A

M. intercostalis interni

O: Cranial border of one rib

I: Caudal border of next rib

A: Expiration

83
Q

Direction of fibres used for expiration

A

Cranioventrally

84
Q

Direction of fibres used for inspiration

A

Caudoventrally

Veterinary Anatomy Final Topics (127 decks)

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