Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Clinical Specialties - Pediatrics > Pediatric Trauma > Flashcards

Pediatric Trauma Flashcards

1
Q

when do you take C-spine precauctions in peds?

A

GCS<13

Dangerous MOI

neck pain

Altered mental status

intoxication

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

when do pediatric vitals look like adult vitals?

A

in children > 12 years old

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

how much blood loss can a child sustain and still be in compensated shock?

A

45%

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

what is the verbal GCS scoring for nonverbal pediatric patients?

A

coos, babbles 5

irritable cry 4

cries to pain 3

moans to pain 2

no response 1

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

what problem is common in pediatric trauma patients that warrants intervention with a gastric tube?

A

gastroparesis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

what labs do you want to order for a peds trauma patient?

A

CBC, CMP, UA, Utox, blood glucose

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

what’s the first part of the secondary survey in peds trauma?

A

A - allergies

M - medications

P - PMH, pregnancy

L - last meal

E- events/environment leading to injury

AMPLE

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

If asystole persists after what is the prognosis poor in a pediatric resuscitation patient?

A

after two rounds of IV epinephrine OR

25 minutes of CPR without ROSC

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

how is drowning defined and how is near drowning defined?

A

drowning is death within 24 hours of submersion or immersion in a liquid medium

near drowning is survival > 24 hours from the event

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

what is the most common cause of death in children 1-4

A

drowning

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

what is the most common cause of death in children older than 4?

A

MVCs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

why is hypothermia more of a problem in children?

A

high suface area: mass

decreased subcutaneous fat

limited thermogenic capacity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

moderate hypothermia (32-35) leads to what key metabolic change?

A

increase in 02 consumption

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

severe hypothermia (<32) leads to what metabolic changes?

A

decreases cellular metabolic rate —> inadequate perfusion, hypotension, shock

7% decrease for every 1 degree C

*hypo/hyperglycemia, platelet dysfunction, depressed immune function

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Are c-spine precautions routinely recommended in pediatric drowning or near drowning?

A

No - only if separate indiction

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

what else can you do in drowning other than O2?

A

CPAP or BiPAP

intubate if neurologic deterioration or PaO2<60mmHg or Sp02<90% w/o2

or PaCO2>50mmHg

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

You have just discovered your near-drowning peds patient has a glucose of 15. What do you do?

A

D5

(some places D10)

18
Q

If hypothermia occurred first before asphyxia, pediatric patients generally have a better or worse prognosis?

A

better than if the asphyxia preceded the hypothermia

19
Q

After you have dried a near-drowning patient and removed their wet clothing, what else can you do to warm them?

A

external rewarming: blankets, heating pads, radiant heat, forced warm air

internal core rewarming with IV fluids (40-43)

humidified oxygen 42-46 degress via tracheal tube

continue until core reaches 32-35 degrees

20
Q

what is afterdrop?

A

the initial drop in temperature you see during initial warming in hypothermia

21
Q

how long does it take for hypoxemia to result in irreversible CNS injury in peds?

A

3-5 minutes

22
Q

you have a young girl that was resuscitated by EMS after she fell in her family swimming pool and was submerged after losing consciousness for 2 minutes. what do you do with her?

A

admit her and observe her

if she is asymptomatic for 8 hours, she can go home

(75% develop symptoms in first 8 hours)

23
Q

what is the most common foreign body ingestion in children?

A

coins

24
Q

when should you suspect toxic exposure/ingestion in a peds patient?

A

acute onset of multi-organ system dysfunction

AMS

respiratory compromis

metabolic acidosis

seizure without known disorder

25
Q

if there are signs of a toxic exposure, what must you rule out in a child <1?

A

child abuse

26
Q

what’s the preferred treatment for pediatric patients with hypertension resulting from ingestion?

A

benzodiazepenes

nitroprussides

27
Q

Poison Antidote Chart for Peds

A
28
Q

what percentage of pediatric bite wounds are by humans?

A

2-3%

dogs (60-90%) most common

cats (5-20%)

29
Q

what are the predominant organisms in bite wounds?

A

gram -ve anerobes

animals - pasturella

humans - eikenella corrodens

30
Q

primary closure on pediatric bite wounds should be done only if:

A

cosmetically important area (e.g., face)

clinically uninfected

<12 hour old bite (<24 hours on the face)

31
Q

what’s the antibiotic treatment for an animal bite?

A

Augmentin 20 mg/kg dose BID for 3-5 days

32
Q

what is the abx for human bites?

A

augmentin

or ampicillin-sulbactam (Unasyn)

50 mg/kg per dose QID for 3-5 days

33
Q

What is the rx if the human biter is HbsAg+

A

initiate HB series vaccine in all unvaccinated

HebB vaccine

HepB immune globulin

34
Q

in a pediatric patient a 2kg weight loss equals how many liters of fluid?

A

2L

35
Q

what do you expect to find on labs in a peds patient with dehydration?

A

increased blood BUN

serum bicarb <17 mEq/L

High serum sodium and potassium

urine sodium, osmolatlity >450 and high specific gravity >1.015

36
Q

if oral fluid therapy is possible for peds dehydration what are the goals?

A

5 mL/2 min

goal - 10ml/kg of body weight for each V/D episode

37
Q

what is the IV fluid of choice in pediatrics?

A

IV crystalloid isotonic 0.9% saline

NEVER hypo or hyper crystalloids - no benefits to dextrose unless DM or burns

38
Q

What’s the rate of fluid for pediatric dehydration?

A

emergent IV - rapid (bolus) infusion of 20mL/kg of isotonic sale in 10-30 minutes

39
Q

what’s the epi of SIDS?

A

2-3x higher in AA and American Indian/Alaskan native babies

peaks at 2-4 months, 90% of cases before 6 months

mother: less than 20, smoker, drugs, delayed prenatal care, UTI/STIs

40
Q

where should you never use lidocaine with epi?

A

fingers, nose, penis, toes

41
Q

what are the main sedatives and analgesics used in peds ER procedures?

A

Clinical Specialties - Pediatrics (18 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions