Core Concepts- Medications R/T Fluid and Electrolytes

Question 0

What are some side effects of lasix?

Answer 0

Hypokalemia
Dizziness
Tinnitus
Blurred vision
Photo sensitivity

Question 1

Furosemide (lasix) is indicated for…

Answer 1

Edema
CHF
Renal disease
HTN
Hypercalcemia

Question 2

Lasix acts on the ____ of _____

Answer 2

Loop of henle

Question 3

Lasix _______prostatoglandins, _________decreases peripheral vascular resistance, and _________ urine output.

Answer 3

Increases, decreases, increases

Question 4

How does lasix relate to F&E?

Answer 4

Lasix is a potent diuretic causing water loss, and may also lead to electrolyte and fluid depletion. It blocks the absorption of sodium and chlorine in the kidney, causing fluid loss.

Question 5

What is potassium chloride indicated for?

Answer 5

Prevention of hypokalemia, treatment of diarrhea, vomiting, diabetic ketoacidosis, and hyperaldosteronism.

Question 6

What are some side effects of potassium chloride?

Answer 6

Uneven HR
Muscle weakness
Fatigue
Severe stomach pain
Parasthesia

Question 7

How does potassium chloride work?

Answer 7

It gets absorbed into the GI system and restores normal levels of calcium that have been lost.

Question 8

How does potassium chloride relate to fluid and electrolytes?

Answer 8

Taking this medication will replace the potassium that has been lost from excessive diarrhea, vomiting, or any other loss of fluids and electrolytes.

Question 9

What is digoxin (lanoxin) indicated for?

Answer 9

Heart failure
Atrial fibrillation
Atrial flutter

Question 10

What are some side effects of digoxin?

Answer 10

Halos
Dysthymias
Hyperkalemia
Nausea
Vomiting
Bradycardia

Question 11

How does digoxin work?

Answer 11

Digoxin decreases the rate of electrical conductivity, causing a prolonged refractory period. This inhibits the sodium potassium pump.

Question 12

How does digoxin relate to fluid and electrolytes?

Answer 12

It increases the sodium and the potassium levels, causing a decrease in potassium inside the cells. This is why digoxin toxicity can occur.

Question 13

What is magnesium sulfate indicated for?

Answer 13

HTN
Seizures
Acute nephritis

Question 14

What are some side effects of magnesium sulfate?

Answer 14

HTN
CNS depression
Hypotension
Respiratory tract paralysis

Question 15

How does magnesium sulfate work?

Answer 15

It depresses smooth muscle and decreases myocardial excitability. Slows the calcium intake and replaces magnesium where needed.

Question 16

How does magnesium sulfate relate to fluid and electrolytes?

Answer 16

It is an electrolyte replacer that works when magnesium levels are low.

Question 17

What is calcium gluconate indicated for?

Answer 17

Hypokalemia
Rickets
Tetany
Chemical burns
Calcium deficiencies

Question 18

What are some side effects of calcium gluconate?

Answer 18

Nausea
Vomiting
Diarrhea
Constipation
Dry mouth
Increased thirst
Increases urination

Question 19

How does calcium gluconate work?

Answer 19

It is an activator that transmits impulses (nerve, cardiac, respiratory, coagulability, renal fnxn)

Question 20

How does calcium gluconate relate to fluid and electrolytes?

Answer 20

It is an electrolyte replenished.

Calcium levels increased = phosphorus levels decreased
Phosphorus levels increased = calcium levels decreased

Question 21

What is sodium polystyrene sulfate indicated for?

Answer 21

Increased potassium levels

Question 22

What are the side effects of sodium polystyrene sulfate?

Answer 22

Constipation
Nausea
Vomiting
Bronchitis
Fecal impaction

Question 23

How does sodium polystyrene sulfate work?

Answer 23

When sodium gets released, the potassium replaces it.

Question 24

How does sodium polystyrene sulfate relate to fluid and electrolytes?

Answer 24

It is used to help increase the potassium levels.