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Osteology 1 > Skull > Flashcards

Skull Flashcards

0
Q

Coronal suture

A

Between frontal and parietal

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1
Q

Name the cranial bones.

A 
Frontal
Ethmoid
Parietal (2)
Occipital
Temporal (2)
Sphenoid
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2
Q

Saggital suture

A

Between parietal bones

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3
Q

Squamous suture

A

Between parietal and temporal bones

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4
Q

Lambdoid suture

A

Between parietal and occipital bones

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5
Q

Anterior fontanelle

A

Coronal and saggital sutures

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6
Q

Posterior fontanelle

A

Junction of sagittal and lambdoid sutures

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7
Q

Sphenoidal/anteriolateral fontanelle

A

Junction of squamous and coronal sutures

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8
Q

Mastoid/posteriolateral fontanelle

A

Between squamous and lambdoid sutures

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9
Q

Glabella

A

Frontal bone.
Midline above brow
Muscle attachment.

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10
Q

Frontal sinus

A

Frontal bone
Deep to glabella
Mucous production

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11
Q

Supracilary/supraorbital ridge/margin/arch

A

Frontal brow
Eyebrow ridge
Muscle attachment

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12
Q

Supraorbital notch/foramen

A

Frontal bone
On browline, medial 1/2
Passageway for trigemal nerve

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13
Q

Supratrochlear foramen

A

Frontal bone.
Not a hole (sigh)
Medial to supraorbital foramen and lateral to nasal bones.
Passageway for nerves and blood vessels.

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14
Q

Frontal squamous

A

Flat portion of frontal bone.

Toward coronal suture

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15
Q

Frontal tuberosity/eminence

A

Frontal bone

Forehead, above supercilary ridge, below squamous

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16
Q

Superior/inferior temporal lines

A

Muscle attachment (superior: galea aponeuroses and muscle attachment; inferior: temporalis muscle attachment)

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17
Q

Orbital surface of frontal bone

A

Superior aspect of eye socket

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18
Q

Frontal crest

A

Interior surface, anterior

Dura attachment; anchors brain within cranial cavity

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19
Q

Groove for superior sagittal sinus

A

Interior surface, running antpost

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20
Q

How many bones does the ethmoid bone suture with?

A

Six (frontal, nasal, inferior nasal concha, maxilla, vomer, sphenoid)

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21
Q

Crista galli

A

Ethmoid bone
Vertical, superior to cribiform plate
Anchor point for dura matter

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22
Q

Cribiform plate

A

Ethmoid bone

Contains olfactory foramina for olfactory nerve bundles

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23
Q

Perpendicular plate

A

Ethmoid

Anterior part of bone. Inferior to cribiform plate, above vomer

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24
Q

Septum

A

Perpendicular plate (ethmoid) + vomer

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25
Q

Nasal conchae

A

Ethmoid
Either side of perpendicular plate
Helps with filtration
Only the middle concha is visible from frontal view.

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26
Q

Basilar part/basiocciput

A

Base of occipital bone.
Muscle attachment
Sutures with sphenoid

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27
Q

Clivus

A

Juncture of sphenoid and occiput
Anterior to foramen magnum
Cradles pons and medulla

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28
Q

Groove for occipital sinus

A

Occipital bone
Midline and posterior to foramen magnum
Connects foramen magnum to IOP

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29
Q

Groove for transverse sinus

A

Occipital bone
Lateral and inferior to saggital sinus
Curves and connects groove for superior sagittal sinus to groove for sigmoid sinus.

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30
Q

Groove for superior sagittal sinus (occipital)

A

Midline and superior to occipital sinus. Right behind IOP.

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31
Q

Groove for inferior petrosal sinus

A

Occipital bone

Below temporal bone. Lateral to clivus and anterior to jugular foramen

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32
Q

Groove for sigmoid sinus

A

Occipital bone
Lateral to foramen magnum
Continuous with groove for transverse sinus. In between that and jugular foramen.

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33
Q

Jugular foramen

A

Occipital bone (can also connect to temporal bone)
Passageway for inferior petrosal sinus, sigmoid sinus, arteries and nerves
Between occiput and temporal bones

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34
Q

Hypoglossal canal

A

Occipital bone
Passageway for hypoglossal nerve
Inferior aspect of skull. Lateral-anterior to occipital condyle.

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35
Q

Foramen magnum

A

Passageway for medulla oblongata, meninges, arteries and nerves

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36
Q

Superior nuchal line

A

Inferior aspect of occipital bone.
Most posterior of the two, coming iff inion
Muscle attachment

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37
Q

Inferior nuchal line

A

Inferior aspect of occipital bone.
Closest to foramen magnum
Muscle attachment

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38
Q

Plenum nuchae

A

Occipital bone
Flat area at base of head
Between inferior and superior nuchal lines
Muscle attachment

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39
Q

Occipital condyles

A

Atlantooccipital joint surface

Either side of foramen magnum

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40
Q

Occipital squamous

A

The curved, expanded plate behind foramen magnum

Contacts parietal and temporal bones

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41
Q

External occipital crest

A

Travels from EOP to foramen magnum

Attachment of nuchal ligament

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42
Q

Internal occipital crest

A

Attachment for falx cerebelli (dura matter)

V shaped, anterior to IOP

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43
Q

Occipital protuberance

A

External: inion
Internal
At midline of occiput

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44
Q

External auditory or acoustic meatus

A

Temporal Bone

How sound makes its way to eardrum

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45
Q

Internal auditory meatus

A

Internal temporal

How sound gets in

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46
Q

Mastoid process

A

Temporal bone
Muscle attachment
Across the divide from mandible

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47
Q

Styloid process of the temporal bone

A

Muscle attachment

Inferior to mandibular fossa and external auditory meatus

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48
Q

Squamous portion of temporal bone

A

Flat portion
Most anterior 1/3
Superior to zygomatic process

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49
Q

Petrous portion

A

Middle 1/3 of temporal bone

Thickest portion of bone

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50
Q

Mastoid portion

A

Only external portion of temporal bone
Posterior 1/3
Near mastoid process

51
Q

Zygomatic process

A

Temporal bone

Part of zygomatic arch

52
Q

What makes up the zygomatic arch?

A

Zygomatic process (temporal bone) and temporal process (zygomatic)

53
Q

Articular tubercle

A

Temporal bone

On zygomatic process

54
Q

Temporal fossa

A

Bounded by superior temporal line and terminating at zygomatic arch

55
Q

Mandibular fossa

A

Shallow depression. Joint surface for TMJ

56
Q

Groove for superior petrosal sinus

A

Temporal bone
Above occiput and inferior petrosal sinus
Superior to internal auditory meatus

57
Q

Groove for middle temporal artery

A

Roughly at the border of squamous and petrosal portions.

58
Q

Greater wings

A

Sphenoid

Found at temples

59
Q

Lesser wings

A

Sphenoid

Defines boundary between anterior and middle cranial fossa

60
Q

Infratemporal crest

A

Sphenoid bone

Deep to zygomatic arch, lateral to sphenopalentine foramen

61
Q

Pterygoid processes

A

Sphenoid
Medial plate – hamulus
Lateral plate
Muscle attachment

62
Q

Chiasmatic groove

A

Sphenoid

Where optic nerves cross over

63
Q

Sella turcica

A

Sphenoid (temporal?)

Holds the pituitary gland and grooves for internal carotid

64
Q

Jugum

A

Behind cribiform plate,ethmo-sphenoid suture

65
Q

Superior orbital fissure

A

Sphenoid

From anterior view, lateral to optic canal for nerve and vein passageway

66
Q

Inferior orbital fissure

A

Sphenoid

Between sphenoid and maxilla

67
Q

Optic canal/foramen

A

Sphenoid

For optic nerve and ophthalmic artery

68
Q

Sphenoid sinus

A

Below sella turca

Seen sagittally

69
Q

Foramen rotundum

A

Sphenoid
Maxillary nerve
10:00

70
Q

Foramen ovale

A

Sphenoid
Mandibular nerve, meningeal artery, sometimes lesser petrosal nerve
9:00

71
Q

Foramen lacerum

A

Sphenoid
Internal carotid artery and internal carotid nerve plexus
8:00

72
Q

Foramen spinosum

A

Sphenoid
Middle meningeal artery and vein, mandibular nerve
Just lateral/posterior to foramen ovale

73
Q

Name the Sphenoid foramen

A 
Rotundum (n)
Ovale (an)
Lacerum (an)
Spinosum (van)
(Round Oval Little Spots)
74
Q

What are the three bones on the side of the nose?

A

Nasal
Maxilla
Lacrimal

75
Q

Name the facial bones

A 
Nasal (2)
Palatine (2)
Lacrimal (2)
Vomer 
Mandible
Maxilla (2)
Inferior nasal conchae (2)
Zygomatic (2)
76
Q

Nasion

A

Small opening between nasal and frontal bones

77
Q

Palatine

A

Forms the hard palate

Posterior to inferior nasal conchae and anterior 2/3 hard palate

78
Q

Horizontal plate of the palatine

A

Posterior 1/3 of hard palate

79
Q

Posterior nasal spine

A

Palatine
Tip of bone far back in throat
Posterior end of the horizontal plate

80
Q

Perpendicular plate (palatine)

A

Makes of part of nasal cavity

Posterior to inferior nasal conchae

81
Q

Orbital surface of lacrimal

A

Inside corner of eye socket

82
Q

Lacrimal canal and fossa

A

Dispenses and drains tears

83
Q

Vomer

A

Bottom part of septum

84
Q

Frontal process of the maxilla

A

Where maxilla meets frontal bones

In between lacrimal and nasal bones

85
Q

Zygomatic process of the maxilla

A

Where the maxilla meets the zygomatic bone

86
Q

Alveolar process

A

Maxilla

Where maxilla meets with teeth.

87
Q

Canine eminence

A

Maxilla

Bump above the canine teeth

88
Q

Canine fossa

A

Inferior to infraorbital foramen

Lateral to nasal opening

89
Q

Incisive fossa

A

In between the 4 incisor teeth (3)

90
Q

Infraorbital foramen

A

Maxilla
Hole under orbit of each eye
Passageway for trigeminal nerve

91
Q

Where does the trigeminal nerve pass through?

A

Mental foramen
Infraorbital foramen
Supraorbital foramen

92
Q

Nasal notch

A

Maxilla
Anterior, deep concavity
The “nose hole”

93
Q

Anterior nasal spine

A

Maxilla

Below vomer. Behind the notch of skin under the nose.

94
Q

Orbiatal surface/plate (maxilla)

A

Medial floor of orbital socket

95
Q

Inferior orbital fissure

A

Maxilla
Passageway for nerve and blood vessels
Medial to infraorbital groove
Posteriory separate lateral wall and floor of orbit

96
Q

Maxillary sinuses

A

Air filled sacs

Deep to the apples of cheeks

97
Q

Palestine process

A

Maxilla

Anterior portion of hard palate

98
Q

Incisive canal

A

Maxilla.
Anterior hard palate, right behind front teeth
Passageway for greater palatine nerve

99
Q

(Internal) incisive foramen/fossa

A

Maxilla
Opening to incisive canal
On roof of mouth behind front teeth

100
Q

Inferior nasal conchae

A

Sutures with palatine and maxilla

101
Q

Zygomatic

A

Cheek bone

102
Q

Zygomatic arch

A

Temporal process of zygomatic bone + zygomatic process of temporal bone

103
Q

Frontal process (zygomatic)

A

Meets with frontal bone

104
Q

Maxillary process (zygomatic)

A

Meets with maxilla

105
Q

Temporal process (zygomatic)

A

Meets with temporal bone.

Forms part of zygomatic arch

106
Q

Orbital surface

A

Lateral surface of orbit.

107
Q

Ramus of mandible

A

Vertical (posterior) surface

108
Q

Mandibular foramen

A

Inside jaw for nerve entrance.

109
Q

Mylohyloid groove

A

Mandible
For nerve and artery passage
Interior. Runs distal from mandibular foramen

110
Q

Lingula

A

Mandible
Medial to mandibular foramen
Ligament attachment

111
Q

Angle (mandible)

A

Where body and Ramus meet

112
Q

Condylar process (mandible)

A

Top of Ramus. Posterior. Thick.
Head of condylar: articular surface for TMJ
Neck. Below head

113
Q

Pterygoid fossa

A

Mandible
Muscle attachment.
Interior aspect, just below condylar head.

114
Q

Coronoid process (mandible)

A

Muscle attachment

Pointy bit on anterior side of mandibular notch. Across form condylar

115
Q

Mandibular notch

A

In between condylar and coronoid processes

116
Q

Oblique line (mandible)

A

Muscle attachment

From mental foramen to just behind molars

117
Q

Mental foramen

A

Mandible
Lateral to mental tubercle
Passage for trigeminal nerve

118
Q

Alveolar processes (mandible)

A

Bumps of bone that help hold teeth on place.

119
Q

Submandibular fossa

A

Internal
Inferior to sublingual fossa
For submandibular salivary glands

120
Q

Sublingual fossa

A

Mandible

For sublingual gland

121
Q

Digastric fossa

A

Mandible
Muscle attachment
Inferior to mental spine

122
Q

Genial/mental spine

A

Mandible
Muscle attachment
Internal, centre of jaw. Little bumps.

123
Q

Mylohyloid line

A

Mandible
Muscle attachment
Internal. Inferior to sublingual fossa

124
Q

Mental tubercles

A

Mandible

External; lateral to mental protuberance. Muscle attachment

125
Q

Mental protuberance

A

Mandible. Centre of chin

Osteology 1 (8 decks)

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