Skills: abuse, crisis counseling, mediation, and wellness Flashcards

1
Q

child abuse

A

Involves harm to an individual under the age of 18 years, caused by either exploitation, neglect, or physical, sexual, or emotional abuse.

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2
Q

neglect

A

The most prevalent type of abuse, involves not taking care of a child’s needs, either physically, medically, educationally, or emotionally

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3
Q

physical abuse

A

Involves causing injury and harm in the form of bruising, sprained muscles, bones being broken, burns, cuts, being shaken, hit, thrown, asphyxiation, and genital mutilation.

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4
Q

sexual abuse

A

Occurs when any adult in a position of power engages in sexual activity (e.g., incest, sexual assault, and fondling) with a minor. Sexual abuse is not restricted to physical contact and can include exposure, voyeurism, and child pornography.

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5
Q

sexual exploitation

A

Forcing a child into prostitution or pornography.

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6
Q

Intimate Partner Violence

A

A predominant form of adult domestic violence, defined as any behavior that is physically, emotionally, or sexually abusive in nature and used to gain authority over one’s relationship with an intimate partner.

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7
Q

Eric Lindemann

A

A pioneer in the development of crisis models, who observed that mental health professionals can help those affected by traumatic events to grieve and mourn properly, preventing further mental health complications.

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8
Q

Gerald Caplan

A

Expanded Eric Lindemann’s work by applying public health and preventative psychiatry principles.

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9
Q

trauma

A

A long-term crisis for which there is no resolution or balance of stressors and available resources. Persons experiencing a trauma often experience severe emotional and mental stress.

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10
Q

Eight resiliency factors:

A
  • support,
  • empowerment,
  • boundaries/expectations,
  • constructive use of time,
  • commitment to learning,
  • positive values,
  • social competence,
  • positive identity
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11
Q

three phases of trauma work:

A

safety
remembrance/mourning
reconnection

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12
Q

ABC-X model of family crisis and stress

A

Acronym for the model created by Hill through observations of families experiencing separation and reunification during and after World War II: (A) provoking stressor/event; (B) family resources; (C) meaning attached to the stressor/event; and (X) the crisis, which is an acute state of family disequilibrium/immobilization.

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13
Q

transcrisis

A

Occurs when the traumatic event of an initial crisis is not fully dealt with and becomes submerged into a client’s subconscious. Subsequent similar events then trigger these subconscious feelings

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14
Q

burnout

A

A type of work-related strain stemming from repeated exposure to stressful circumstances that results in emotional exhaustion, depersonalization, and reduced personal accomplishment. Burnout has been empirically linked to several mental, behavioral, and physical symptoms.

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15
Q

compassion fatigue

A

Occurs when helping professionals experience overwhelming feelings after being exposed to client crisis states (e.g., pain and suffering). Professionals may experience hopelessness, a decrease in pleasure, constant stress and anxiety, and a pervasive negative attitude.

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16
Q

vicarious trauma

A

A stress reaction resulting from exposure to client disclosures of traumatic events. Counselors experiencing vicarious trauma experience long-term and pervasive attitudinal shifts.

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17
Q

ISPATHWARM

A

A mnemonic method to remember the warning signs of suicide: ideation, substance abuse, purposelessness, anxiety, trapped, hopelessness, withdrawal, anger, recklessness, and mood change.

18
Q

SLAP

A

A helpful acronym to remind counselors of the major areas covered during a suicide risk assessment: specific details, lethality of plan, availability of method, and proximity to obtaining help.

19
Q

risk factors

A

Include characteristics that place individuals at a high risk of developing mental disorders, academic problems, or personal-social difficulties.

20
Q

resiliency factors

A

Assist an individual in overcoming risk factors and maintaining positive functioning in spite of adverse circumstances

21
Q

crisis

A

A stressful or traumatic event that compromises a person’s previously effective coping mechanisms. An individual trauma refers to an individual’s response to a crisis, while a collective trauma refers to a community’s reaction to a crisis.

22
Q

individual trauma

A

An individual’s response to a crisis

23
Q

collective trauma

A

A community’s reaction to a crisis

24
Q

crisis team

A

A group of professionals from different backgrounds (e.g., mental health professionals, medical professionals) who have been trained to respond to those in crisis.

25
Q

psychological first aid

A

A crisis response method that focuses first on meeting individuals’ survival needs (e.g., food, water, shelter, and safety), then on meeting their psychological needs, and finally on establishing support networks

26
Q

CCP

A

Crisis Counseling Program (CCP): A model of crisis intervention that focuses on restoring a sense of safety in the aftermath of a natural disaster. Under this model, professional counselors work as a team to identify the problem, inventory the available resources, help reduce the disorder and confusion, assist victims in adjusting to their new life situations, provide victims with support and empathy, and educate individuals about common and atypical reactions to crisis and what to do should they need extra help.

27
Q

Conflict Resolution

A

The way individuals seek resolution to interpersonal differences. Usually involves negotiating, mediating, facilitating, and arbitrating

28
Q

negotiation

A

A form of conflict resolution that involves compromise by involved individuals.

29
Q

power negotiations

A

A form of conflict resolution that occurs when individuals vie to have the strongest influence on the outcome and may involve deceitful tactics like relaying false information and cheating

30
Q

rights negotiations

A

A form of conflict resolution that involves the legality of what is right and uses norms, policies, and rules

31
Q

interest-based negotiations

A

A form of conflict resolution that involves the process of finding a commonality between the individuals involved

32
Q

empowerment

A

The act of elevating people’s sense of what they can do and their personal value

33
Q

recognition

A

One of the four stages in the spiritual identity development model. In this stage, spirituality is integrated throughout life experiences and individuals begin to develop spiritual practices.

34
Q

mediation

A

The use of an objective, uninvolved person to help with conflict resolution with the goal of working toward determining specific desires and good solutions.

35
Q

facilitation

A

The use of counseling-related skills, especially in groups, to analyze the conflict, find compromise and solutions, and elicit commitment among individuals.

36
Q

arbitration

A

Use of a third party to make decisions that resolve a conflict for the involved individuals.

37
Q

med-arb

A

Uses both mediation and arbitration to resolve conflict.

38
Q

Peer Mediation

A

Involves an objective, third-party individual who helps individuals in conflict to negotiate, compromise, and problem-solve. Peer mediation is typically used in the school system to instill better conflict resolution skills in students.

39
Q

Aggression

A

Taking actions with the intent to cause pain or harm. Aggression can be verbal, physical, or relational.

40
Q

microaggression

A

Involves insults and aggressive acts against minorities. Microaggression is a subtle form of racism and is often automatic and unconscious. Examples include invalidating racial issues and maintaining stereotypic assumptions.

41
Q

Wellness

A

A balance between the mind, body, and spirit, resulting in positive well-being. The field of counseling stems from a wellness perspective, viewing the client as searching for a balanced lifestyle rather than being mentally ill.