Power and Borders Flashcards
Nation example
The Kurds
Non Arab population
Kurdistan in Iraq, Iran, Syria, Turkey and Armenia
Changing World Map
25th November 1993 Constitution Act 542 Peaceful split agreed
Good relations, first and last foreign visits
Remain important buisness partners
Sudan split from South Sudan 2011
Still contested regions such as Abeyei
Sovereign Wealth Funds
China (exports), Botswana (diamonds), Chile (Copper)
UK is most popular destination
£100bn in UK infrastructure owned by Chinese e.g. Hinkley Point
£800m on Manchester Airport City
Half of House of Fraser owned by Chinese
Man city owned by Abu Dhabi
Good for UK as needs to invest without racking up debt
How can TNC’s increase Sovereignty?
Thomas Friedman Golden Arch Theory, countries tied together by economic cooperation
Shell in Nigeria Ken Saro Wiwa
Campaigned for rights of Ogini and against environmental damage in the Niger Delta protesting against the conduct of Shell
Hung By the Nigerian military for supposed murder of 4 ogini tribe leaders
Prosecuting witnesses admit to taking bribes
Allegations Shell funded State Sponsored terror
Shell Corruption in Nigeria
Took part in a scheme depriving 1.1 bn from the Nigerian people to access the oil field OPL 245
More than Nigeria’s whole healthcare budget
Payment passed through Dan etete ex oil minister and convicted money launderer, pay offs to President Good Luck Jonathon, completely ignoring the law and taking away legitimacy from the government
Cambodia Rubber
Vietnam Rubber Group illegally seizing land half the size of ireland in Laos and Cambodia, cutting down the rainforest and creating rubber plantations
No repatriation for indigenous peoples forced off the land
Biwater
1990’s privatised water in Tanzania for a 143 million donation from the world bank
inefective, only 98,000 of 205 million got water
2005 Tanzania axed the contract and claimed 3 million in compensation
UN interference
Reaffirms R2P at a global conference in 2005
Darfur, conflict between Government and Fur and Zagahwa peoples
Government use the Janja weed to control conflict-local militia
they target people of the same race rather thn those causing conflict leading to the deaths of 85,000 US call it a genocide
African Union forced out in 2006
Permanent 17,000 strong peace keeping force of the UN installed in September 2006
EU intervention
Greek debt crisis
Joins in 2001 getting rid of Drachma
in charge of fiscal policy but not monetary, cap on deficit of 3% of GDP
Greece lies, reveals deficit of 13.9% of GDP in 2009
110bn loaned by Triocha, austerity measures cut deficit to 5.2 bn by 2011
Contraction in economy
1 in 5 can’t afford food, 30%in poverty
130 bn more loaned
2014 leftist government refuses to continue austerity leading to liquidity crisis
Nation seeking independence
Catalonia, held a secession in 2009 with 80% voting to leave on a 40% turn out
Why should Catalonia Leave
Peoples will, polls estimate 57% in favour
Different culture that people do not want to be absorbed into Spain
Uneven burden, pay 17bn in taxes per year
No chance of any middle measures, government won’t offer a fiscal economy like the Basque region
Why should Catalonia not leave
Fears over the ‘Balkanisation of Europe’ who goes next, flanders, scotland
Increased nationalism increases risk of conflict in Europe
Huge debt of 42 bn, why should the EU/spain help with that when the Catalonians have abandoned them
Is Catalonia viable on its own economically?
