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PPL Course - (2) RPL > Chapter 5.6 - Flight Instruments > Flashcards

Chapter 5.6 - Flight Instruments Flashcards

1
Q

Which Flight Instruments are pressure-operated by utilising the Pitot-Static system (3)?

A
  • Airspeed Indicator (ASI).
  • Altimeter.
  • Vertical Speed Indicator (VSI).
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2
Q

What is the purpose of an Aircraft’s Altimeter?

A

To measure the height and vertical distance above a specified datum.

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3
Q

How is a specified datum set in order to provide the Altimeter?

A

Pressure-setting Subscale.

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4
Q

What is the Altimeter measured in?

A

Feet.

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5
Q

What does ISA stand for?

A

International Standard Atmosphere.

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6
Q

What is the Hectopascals at Mean Sea Level?

A

1013 hPa.

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7
Q

At Mean Sea Level, for every 30 ft gained in Height, how many Hectopascals is decreased from MSL?

A

1 hPa.

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8
Q

For every 1000 ft gained, how many Hectopascals is decreased from MSL?

A

30 hPa.

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9
Q

What is the pressure in Hectopascals at an Altitude of 10 000ft?

A

697 hPa.

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10
Q

What is the temperature at Mean Sea Level?

A

15°C.

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11
Q

For every 1000ft gained, how much temperature is deceased from MSL?

A

2°C.

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12
Q

Describe Elevation?

A

Height (vertical distance) of something on the Earth above mean sea level.

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13
Q

Describe Altitude?

A

Height of an Aircraft above mean sea level.

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14
Q

When should a Pilot set Local QNH (2)?

A
  • Prior to Takeoff.

- Top of Descent.

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15
Q

When should a Pilot set Area QNH?

A

Top of Climb.

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16
Q

If a Pilot uses Area QNH at the top of a descent, how much error can be expected?

A

150+/- ft.

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17
Q

If Local QNH is unavailable, how can a Pilot obtain this information at an Aerodrome?

A

By setting the elevation of the Aerodrome.

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18
Q

True or False. Vertical Speed Indicator will have a small lag in instrument reading due to the changes in Static Pressure?

A

True.

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19
Q

How can a Pilot check if the Altimeter is working correctly?

A

With an accurate QNH in place, the reading should be the same as the Aerodrome Elevation within 100 ft.

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20
Q

How can a Pilot check if the Airspeed Indicator is working correctly?

A

To monitor changes in reading when taking off.

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21
Q

How can a Pilot check if the Airspeed Indicator is working correctly during flight?

A

To measure the Stall speed and see if it matches the speed found in the Pilot’s Operating Handbook.

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22
Q

How can a Pilot check if the Vertical Speed Indicator is working correctly?

A

The pointer should read on ground.

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23
Q

True or False. When Static Vents are blocked during Straight and Level Flight, the Airspeed Indicator will read correctly, providing the height remains constant?

A

True.

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24
Q

When Static Vents are blocked during a climb, the Airspeed Indicator will show what?

A

Under-read (lower than actual ASI).

25
Q

When Static Vents are blocked during a descent, the Airspeed Indicator will show what?

A

Over-read (higher than actual ASI).

26
Q

When Static Vents are blocked during Straight and Level Flight, what happens to the Altimeter?

A

The Altimeter will read the Height at which the blockage occurred.

27
Q

When Static Vents are blocked during a climb, the Altimeter will show what?

A

Under-read (lower than actual Altitude).

28
Q

When Static Vents are blocked during a descent, the Altimeter will show what?

A

Over-read (higher than actual Altitude).

29
Q

When Static Vents are blocked, what happens to the Vertical Speed Indicator?

A

Read Zero despite changes in Altitude.

30
Q

When Pitot Tube is blocked on ground, what happens to the Airspeed Indicator?

A

Will read Zero on Takeoff.

31
Q

When Pitot Tube is blocked during Straight and Level Flight, what happens to the Airspeed Indicator?

A

Airspeed Indicator will remain constant, despite changes in Indicated Airspeed.

32
Q

When Pitot Tube is blocked during a climb, the Airspeed Indicator will show what?

A

Over-read (higher than actual ASI).

33
Q

When Pitot Tube is blocked during a descent, the Airspeed Indicator will show what?

A

Under-read (lower than actual ASI).

34
Q

True or False. Alternative Static and Static Pressure are the same?

A

False.

35
Q

What is the ‘worst case scenario’ with the Alternative Static Pressure?

A

If this Pressure is lower than the actual Static Pressure.

36
Q

In the event of Alternative Static Pressure being lower than the actual Static Pressure, what happens to the Altimeter?

A

Over-read (higher than actual Altitude).

37
Q

In the event of Alternative Static Pressure being lower than the actual Static Pressure, what happens to the Airspeed Indicator?

A

Over-read (higher than actual ASI).

38
Q

Which Flight Instruments are Gyro-operated (3)?

A
  • Attitude Indicator (AI).
  • Heading Indicator (HI).
  • Turn Coordinator.
39
Q

Name 2 ways gyroscopes are powered in an Aircraft?

A
  • Electronically.

- Vacuum System.

40
Q

If the Suction Gauge is indicating high or low readings, what will happen to the Gyro-operated Instruments?

A

The accuracy can no longer be reliable.

41
Q

Name three ways to check the Attitude Indicator on ground?

A
  • Suction Gauge has the recommended Vacuum Pressure.
  • Check the dial glass is undamaged.
  • The miniature aircraft retains laterally during Taxiing.
42
Q

How can a Pilot check the Attitude Indicator during flight?

A

By banking and/or pitching the Aircraft to see if the Instrument reads the same action.

43
Q

Why must a Pilot check the Directional Indicator during flight?

A

The instrument will drift off alignment from the Magnetic Compass.

44
Q

How can set the DI with the Magnetic Compass?

A

With a Compass Card.

45
Q

When should a Pilot align the DI with the Magnetic Compass (2)?

A
  • Prior to Takeoff.

- Every 15-20mins during flight.

46
Q

What Attitude should be used when aligning the DI with the Magnetic Compass?

A

Straight and Level Flight.

47
Q

How can a Pilot check the serviceability of the Directional Indicator?

A

By checking the power source (the suction gauge).

48
Q

How can a Pilot check the operations of a DI is working on the ground?

A

When Taxiing check the reading is the same as the Magnetic Compass after turning.

49
Q

Name two functions of the Turn Coordinator?

A
  • Rate of Turn.

- Whether Aircraft is balanced.

50
Q

True or False. The Rate of Turn Indicator uses a Gyro for its operations?

A

True.

51
Q

True or False. The Balance Ball uses electric power for its operations?

A

False. It’s a mechanical device.

52
Q

How can a Pilot check the serviceability of the Turn Coordinator on the ground (2)?

A
  • Check that no electrical failure flags are showing.

- When parked both Turn Coordinator and Balance Ball should be centred.

53
Q

How is the gyroscope in the Turn Coordinator spun?

A

Electronically.

54
Q

What’s the difference between the new and old style of Turn and Balance Coordinator?

A

The new style has a miniature Aircraft to describe the rate of turn. The old has a needle.

55
Q

What is a Lubber Line?

A

Lines of reference found in a Compass.

56
Q

What are deviations in the Magnetic Compass caused by?

A

Magnetic influences on the Aircraft (such as Radios and metal components).

57
Q

Where can a Pilot locate a Deviation Card?

A

Near the Compass.

58
Q

Which factors are considered in making a Compass unserviceable (3)?

A
  • Discoloured Fluid.
  • Air bubbles in the Fluid.
  • Cracked/Broken Glass on the Compass.
59
Q

How can a Pilot check if the Compass is working properly (3)?

A
  • Turning the Aircraft and monitor if the heading changes.
  • Measuring the Compass on a known heading such as a Runway.
  • Checking Compass Card is level.

PPL Course - (2) RPL (18 decks)

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