Chapter 5 BNF (Infectious Diseases)

Question 1

What are the signs and symptoms of an infection?

Answer 1

Fever 
Malaise
Drowsiness in children 
Confusion in elderly 
Worsening renal failure

Question 2

What risks are to be considered when offering antibiotics to elderly patients?

Answer 2

Risk of C. difficile

Renal and hepatic impairment

Question 3

Which antibiotics are most likely to cause C.difficile?

Answer 3

Clindamycin (most)
Penicillins
Quinolones
2nd and 3rd gen cephalosporins

Question 4

What’s first and second line in C.difficile?

Answer 4

Metronidazole

Oral vancomycin

Don’t give loperamide

Question 5

What’s the treatment of Endocarditis?

Answer 5

Amoxicillin + low dose gentamicin

Add Flucloxacillin if Staphy
Add vancomycin if MRSA
Add Benzypenicillin if streptococcus

Question 6

What’s the treatment of community acquired pneumonia? (Mild)

Answer 6

Amoxicillin, Clarithromycin, Doxycycline

7 days

Question 7

What’s the treatment of community acquired pneumonia? (Moderate )

Answer 7

Amoxicillin + Clarithromycin

Or

Doxycycline

Question 8

What’s the treatment of community acquired pneumonia? (Severe)

Answer 8

Benzypenicillin + Clarithromycin/Doxycycline

Question 9

What’s the treatment of hospital acquired pneumonia for in patients less than 5 days in?

Answer 9

Co amoxiclav
Cefuroxime

7 days

Question 10

What’s the treatment of hospital acquired pneumonia for in patients longer than 5 days?

Answer 10

Antipseudomonal penicillin
Broad spectrum cephalosporin
I Quinolone

Question 11

What is the initial treatment of meningitis?

Answer 11

Benzypenicillin

Or

Cefotaxime

Or

chloramphenicol

Question 12

What’s the treatment for osteomyelitis?

Answer 12

Flucloxacillin

Or

Clindamycin

Or

Vancomycin MRSA

Question 13

What’s the treatment for impetigo? (Local) and (systemic)

Answer 13

Local: fusidic acid for 7 days,
muporicin (MRSA)

Systemic: Flucloxacillin for 7 days

Question 14

What’s the treatment for cellulitis?

Answer 14

Flucloxacillin

Question 15

What’s the treatment for animal bites?

Answer 15

Co amoxiclav

Metronidazole and doxycycline

Question 16

What’s the treatment for oral infections?

Answer 16

Metronidazole 200mg TDS for 3 days

Amoxicillin

Doxycycline

Question 17

When should the antibiotic be changed for oral infection?

Answer 17

No response in 48 hours

Question 18

What’s the treatment for a sore throat?

Answer 18

Phenoxymethylpenicillin

Benzypenicillin (severe)

NOT BROAD SPEC

Question 19

What’s the treatment for sinusitis?

Answer 19

Amoxicillin

Clarithromycin

Doxycycline

Question 20

What’s the treatment for otitis externa ?

Answer 20

Flucloxacillin

Question 21

What’s the treatment for otitis media?

Answer 21

Amoxicillin

Question 22

When should antibiotics be given for otitis media and externa?

Answer 22

72jhrs with no improvement

Systemic

Question 23

Symptoms and Treatment of Slapped Cheek Syndrome?

Answer 23

Fever

Bright red rash on both cheeks
Can spread to body

Treatment: paracetamol

Question 24

Symptoms and treatment of Hand, Foot and Mouth?

Answer 24

Fever

Blisters on hands and feet
Ulcers on tongue

Treatment: Paracetamol

Question 25

Symptoms and Treatment of Scarlet fever?

Answer 25

Pink-red rash which feels like sandpaper

Swollen tongue, sore throat, headache

Treatment: antibiotics

Question 26

Symptoms and treatment of Measles?

Answer 26

Fever

Sore eyes

Sensitive to light

Red/brown rash on the head or neck

See GP

Question 27

Symptoms and Treatment of Hives

?

Answer 27

Raised itchy red rash

Allergy

Question 28

Symptoms and Treatment of chicken pox?

Answer 28

Red spots turn into blisters which eventually scab

Itchy

Question 29

Symptoms and Treatment of Molluscum contagioum?

Answer 29

Small firm raised spots

Can take a year to go away

Question 30

Which demographic is most at risk if they catch Rubella?

Answer 30

Pregnant