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NPLEX I > Biochemistry-Steroids > Flashcards

Biochemistry-Steroids Flashcards

1
Q

Where does cholesterol synthesis take place?

A

liver and intestines

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2
Q

Where in the cell does cholesterol synthesis take place?

A

cytoplasm

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3
Q

What is the precursor for cholesterol synthesis?

A

Acetyl-CoA

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4
Q

What pathway is the greatest producer of Acetyl-CoA?

A

beta-oxidation

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5
Q

What is the regulatory enzyme of cholesterol synthesis?

A

HMG-CoA reductase

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6
Q

What hormone promotes the action of HMG-CoA reductase?

A

Insulin

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7
Q

What are 2 significant intermediates in cholesterol synthesis?

A

HMG-CoS, mevalonate, squalene, desmuterol

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8
Q

What is the function of cholesterol?

A

membran fluidity, precursor to all steroid hormones

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9
Q

What type of fatty acid increases cholesterol? What type of fatty acid decreases cholesterol?

A

Increases: saturated fats
Decreases: unsaturated fats

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10
Q

What other metabolite is formed from mevalonate?

A

CoQ10

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11
Q

What 2 substances act as conjugating agents to convert bile acids into bile salts?

A

Taurine, Glycine

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12
Q

What enzyme is involved in bile acid production?

A

7-alpha hydroxylase

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13
Q

What vitamin is needed for the activity of 7-alpha hydroxylase?

A

Vitamin C

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14
Q

What are the 2 primary bile acids?

A

Cholyl-CoA

Chenodeoxychoyl-CoA

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15
Q

What the 2 secondary bile acids?

A

Deoxycholic acid

lithocholic acid

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16
Q

Where are bile acids formed?

A

Liver and intestines

17
Q

Where are bile acids stored?

A

gallbladder

18
Q

Where does bile acid reabsorption take place?

A

ileum

19
Q

What are 2 functions of bile acids?

A

Fat emulsification

Cholesterol excretion

20
Q

Testosterone is produced in which tissue?

A

Adrenal cortex

21
Q

Estrone and estradiol are produced in which tissue?

A

Ovaries and a small amount in the adrenal cortex

22
Q

DHEA, progesterone, cortisol and aldosterone are produced in which tissue?

A

adrenal cortex

23
Q

What is the precursor for steroid hormones?

A

cholesterol

24
Q

What vitamin is needed for steroid hormone production?

A

Vitamin C

NPLEX I (22 decks)

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