Corticosteroids Flashcards
How do corticosteroids work to help reduce asthma symptoms?
They reduce airway inflammation, hence reducing oedema and mucus secretion.
How must corticosteroid inhalers be used for maximum efficacy in asthma?
Regularly.
After initiation of ICS, how long does it usually take for symptoms of asthma to be alleviated?
3-7 days.
Give examples of ICS which are used in asthma?
Beclomethasone, budesonide, fluticasone, mometasone.
In COPD, ICS may be effective in reducing exacerbations when given with which other class of drug?
Inhaled LABA.
What course of action should be taken if a patient experiences paradoxical bronchospasm when using ICS?
Discontinue treatment and offer alternative therapy. May be prevented by use of inhaled SABA beforehand or switching from aerosol to DPI.
How can the risk of oral candidiasis associated with ICS use, be reduced?
Use of a spacer. Rinsing mouth with water after use. Antifungal oral suspension or oral gel can be used for treatment without discontinuing therapy.
When should a steroid warning card be issues to patients on ICS?
For high doses, especially in children where high doses may be associated with systemic side effects, including growth failure, reduced bone mineral density, and adrenal suppression.
What further monitoring should be carried out when a patient is on ICS therapy?
Monitoring eyes for glaucoma and cataracts. Monitor weight and height for growth.
Should beclomethasone dipropionate inhaler brands be interchanged?
No.
Describe the difference between Qvar and Clenil Modulite beclomethasone inhalers.
Qvar has extra-fine particles and is twice as potent as Clenil Modulite.
Describe the difference between Fostair and traditional CFC-free beclomethasone inhalers.
Fostair is a combined inhaler containing beclomethasone and formoterol. It has extra-fine particles and is more potent than traditional beclomethasone CGFC-free inhalers.
What age is the Easyhaler beclomethasone inhaler licensed for use in?
Patients over 18 years.
What age are the Qvar, Clenil 200, and Clenil 250 beclomethasone inhalers licensed for use in?
Patients over 12 years.
