Chapter 40 - Incident Management Flashcards

1
Q

The JumpSTART triage system is intended to be used for children younger than _____ years or who appear to weigh less than _____.

Select one:

A. 8; 100 lb
B. 5; 50 lb

C. 6; 70 lb

D. 7; 90 lb

A

A. 8; 100 lb

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2
Q

In preparing for a disaster, EMS systems should have enough supplies for at least a ______ period of self-sufficiency.

Select one:

A. 96-hour

B. 48-hour

C. 72-hour

D. 24-hour

A

C. 72-hour

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3
Q

The FIRST step in the START triage system is to:

Select one:

A. focus on the patients who are unconscious

B. get a quick head count of all the patients involved

C. scan the area for patients with severe bleeding

D. move all walking patients to a designated area

A

D. move all walking patients to a designated area

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4
Q

You are triaging four patients who were involved in a head-on motor vehicle crash. Which of the following patients should be assigned the highest (red) triage category?

Select one:

A. A 29-year-old male with bilaterally closed femur deformities

B. A 50-year-old male with an open head injury and no pulse

C. A 49-year-old female with diabetes and difficulty breathing

D. A 36-year-old female with back pain and numb extremities

A

C. A 49-year-old female with diabetes and difficulty breathing

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5
Q

The function of the National Incident Management System (NIMS) is to:

Select one:

A. prepare for the potential of a nuclear attack against the United States

B. prepare for, prevent, respond to, and recover from domestic incidents

C. facilitate a standard method of incident command for natural disasters

D. educate city and county governments regarding foreign terrorist attacks

A

B. prepare for, prevent, respond to, and recover from domestic incidents

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6
Q

The term used when individual units or different organizations make independent, and often inefficient, decisions regarding an incident is called:

Select one:

A. logistical chaos

B. undermining

C. single command

D. freelancing

A

D. freelancing

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7
Q

Upon arriving at the scene of a possible hazardous materials (HazMat) incident involving several patients, you should:

Select one:

A. carefully assess the situation

B. rope off the entire perimeter

C. divert traffic away from the scene

D. retrieve all critical patients

A

A. carefully assess the situation

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8
Q

As a triage supervisor, you:

Select one:

A. should communicate with area hospitals regarding their capabilities

B. are responsible for providing initial treatment to all patients

C. must not begin treatment until all patients have been triaged

D. must prepare patients for transport before they leave the triage area

A

C. must not begin treatment until all patients have been triaged

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9
Q

While triaging patients at the scene of a building collapse, you encounter a young child who is conscious, alert, and breathing; has bilateral radial pulses; and has a severely angulated leg, which is not bleeding. According to the JumpSTART triage system, you should:

Select one:

A. apply high-flow oxygen, obtain baseline vital signs, and continue triaging

B. evacuate him to a designated area and assign him a minimal (green) category

C. quickly bind his legs together to stabilize the fracture, and continue triaging

D. assign him a delayed (yellow) category and continue triaging the other patients

A

D. assign him a delayed (yellow) category and continue triaging the other patients

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10
Q

According to the START triage system, what should you do if a patient is found to have a respiratory rate of 24 breaths/min?

Select one:

A. Assess for bilateral radial pulses

B. Administer high-flow oxygen

C. Assess his or her neurologic status

D. Triage the patient as delayed

A

A. assess for bilateral radial pulses

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11
Q

What is the purpose of the incident command system (ICS)?

Select one:

B. Ensuring responder and public safety

B. Achieving incident management goals

C. Ensuring the efficient use of resources

D. All of the above.

A

D. all of the above

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12
Q

Upon arriving at a scene in which the incident command system has been activated, you should expect to:

Select one:

A. be passed from sector to sector, as needed, in between assignments.

B. report directly to the incident commander in between assignments.

C. be assigned a specific responsibility for the duration of the incident.

D. be given general directions and allowed to function independently.

A

A. be passed from sector to sector, as needed, in between assignments.

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13
Q

When EMS responds to a disaster, as part of their response within the ICS, EMS would start with a scene size-up. What is the next step for the first-responding units?

Select one:

A. Communicating with additional units

B. Establishing command

C. Caring for any injuries

D. Stabilizing the incident

A

B. establishing command

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14
Q

Which of the following statements BEST describes a mass-casualty incident?

Select one:

A. At least half of the patients are dead.

B. Either a bus or an airplane has crashed.

C. You have more than two critical patients.

D. The patient count exhausts your resources.

A

D. The patient count exhausts your resources.

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15
Q

Which of the following patients would have the HIGHEST treatment priority at the scene of a mass-casualty incident?

Select one:

A. 24-year-old man who is unconscious, has snoring respirations, and severe burns

B. 32-year-old woman who is pulseless and apneic with an abdominal evisceration

C. 29-year-old woman who is in full cardiac arrest with massive open chest trauma

D. 32-year-old man with an open head injury, exposed brain matter, and no carotid pulse

A

A. 24-year-old man who is unconscious, has snoring respirations, and severe burns

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16
Q

How does a disaster differ from a mass-casualty incident?

Select one:

A. Disasters may not involve personal injuries.

B. In a disaster, EMS may be on the scene for days or weeks.

C. Only an elected official can declare a disaster.

D. All of the above.

A

D. All of the above

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17
Q

A large tanker truck has overturned on a highway. When you arrive, you see a clear liquid leaking from the rear of the tanker. The driver, who appears to be unconscious, is still in the vehicle and is bleeding heavily from the face. You should:

Select one:

A. immediately notify law enforcement for traffic control.

B. fully assess the situation and request the appropriate assistance.

C. put on gloves, a gown, and a mask and quickly remove the driver.

D. go to the rear of the tanker and determine what type of fluid is leaking.

A

B. fully assess the situation and request appropriate assistance.

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18
Q

Which of the following situations MOST likely involves a hazardous material?

Select one:

A. Milk truck that overturned and is leaking fluid

B. Tractor-trailer rig that is emitting a visible cloud

C. Moving van that collided head-on with a small car

D. Pickup truck from the gas company that struck a tree

A

B. Tractor-trailer rig that is emitting a visible cloud

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19
Q

When dealing with a hazardous materials incident, where should you set up your decontamination area?

Select one:

A. Inside the hazard zone

B. Inside the treatment area

C. Between the hazard zone and treatment area

D. Between the treatment and transportation zone

A

C. Between the hazard zone and treatment area

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20
Q

Which toxicity level would you assign a hazardous material spill that could cause a person temporary damage or residual injury unless prompt medical treatment is given?

Select one:

A. level 1

B. level 2

C. level 3

D. level 4

A

B. level 2

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21
Q

Which of the following statements regarding transport of patients from a multiple-casualty incident or disaster site is correct?

A. Delayed-priority patients should be transported five at a time.

B. Immediate-priority patients should be transported two at a time.

C. Walking wounded patients should be taken to the closest hospitals.

D. Patients who are in cardiac arrest should clearly be transported first.

A

B. Immediate-priority patients should be transported two at a time.

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22
Q

As the first-arriving senior EMT at the scene of an incident, you should perform a scene size-up and then:

A. establish command.

B. begin the triage process.

C. call for additional resources.

D. quickly identify the walking wounded.

A

A. establish command.

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23
Q

Which of the following is NOT a common role of the EMT at the scene of a HazMat incident?

A. Rehabilitation

B. Decontamination

C. Transportation

D. Triage and treatment

A

B. Decontamination

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24
Q

The process of removing or neutralizing and properly disposing of a hazardous material is called:

A. neutralization.

B. decontamination.

C. antidotal treatment.

D. chemical containment.

A

B. decontamination.

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25
Q

During a motor vehicle collision involving multiple patients, the incident commander would MOST likely:

A. delegate all of the command functions to the appropriate personnel.
B. maintain responsibility for all of the command functions.
C. designate a safety officer, but retain other command functions.
D. relinquish command when a senior EMS provider arrives at the scene.

A

C. designate a safety officer, but retain other command functions.

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26
Q

Interoperability, an important feature of the NIMS, refers to the ability of:

A. EMS systems and fire departments in the same jurisdiction to effectively work as a team.
B. agencies of different types or from different jurisdictions to communicate with each other.
C. the federal government to intervene during any large- or small-scale incident involving terrorism.
D. county and state law enforcement agencies to acquire information and pass it along to EMS personnel.

A

B. agencies of different types or from different jurisdictions to communicate with each other.

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27
Q

A 49-year-old man has been removed from his overturned tanker, which was carrying a hazardous material. The tank ruptured and he was exposed to the material. When rescue personnel bring him to the decontamination area, they note that he is unconscious and has slow, shallow breathing. They should:

A. decontaminate the patient as they would any other patient and then move him to the area where EMTs are waiting.
B. defer the decontamination procedure and bring the patient directly to awaiting EMS personnel for immediate treatment.
C. request that EMS personnel don standard precautions, enter the warm zone, and begin immediate treatment of the patient.
D. cut away all of the patient’s clothing and do a rapid rinse to remove as much of the contaminating matter as they can.

A

D. cut away all of the patient’s clothing and do a rapid rinse to remove as much of the contaminating matter as they can.

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28
Q

According to the JumpSTART triage system, infants or children not developed enough to walk or follow commands, including children with special needs:

A. are treated immediately in the primary triage area and then transported.
B. are the first to be transported, regardless of the severity of their injuries.
C. are initially triaged on the basis of whether or not they have distal pulses.
D. should be taken to the treatment area for immediate secondary triage.

A

D. should be taken to the treatment area for immediate secondary triage.

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29
Q

The reference used as a base for your initial actions at a HazMat incident is:

A. The bill of lading

B. Your local EMS protocols

C. The material safety data sheet (MSDS)

D. The emergency response guidebook

A

D. The emergency response guidebook

30
Q

You and your partner arrive at the scene where a truck has crashed into a small building, injuring eight people. You immediately request additional ambulances and begin the triage process. The first patient that you triage is a young female who is unconscious and apneic. She has an open head injury and her pulse is weak and thready. You should:

A. assign her a low priority and continue triaging.
B. assess the severity of her open head injury.
C. begin ventilating her with a bag-mask device.
D. place a red tag on her and continue triaging.

A

A. assign her a low priority and continue triaging.

31
Q

General principles for approaching a potential HazMat incident include:

A. parking the ambulance in a location that is upwind and downhill.

B. taking standard precautions before entering any HazMat scene.

C. asking for wind direction from dispatch and entering downwind.

D. maintaining a safe distance and viewing the scene with binoculars.

A

D. maintaining a safe distance and viewing the scene with binoculars.

32
Q

According to the START triage system, what should you do if you encounter an unresponsive patient who is not breathing?

A. Assign the patient in the “immediate” category.
B. Triage the patient as “expectant” and move on.
C. Ventilate the patient for 2 minutes and reassess.
D. Open the airway and reassess breathing status.

A

D. Open the airway and reassess breathing status.

33
Q

A carboy is a container that would MOST likely be used to store and transport:

A. corrosives.
B. flammable liquids.
C. combustible materials.
D. explosives.

A

A. corrosives.

34
Q

The purpose of the incident command system (ICS) is to:

A. quickly and efficiently respond to natural disasters and terrorist incidents, regardless of the complexity of the incident.
B. protect the public from the effects of large- and small-scale disasters and to minimize the financial impact from such incidents.
C. ensure responder and public safety, achieve incident management goals, and ensure the effective use of resources.
D. reduce overall mortality and morbidity from large-scale mass-casualty incidents and to restore key infrastructure.

A

C. ensure responder and public safety, achieve incident management goals, and ensure the effective use of resources.

35
Q

A Level 4 hazardous material:

A. requires specialized gear designed for protection against that particular hazard.
B. is mildly toxic but still requires the use of a self-contained breathing apparatus (SCBA).
C. requires protective gear to ensure that no part of the skin’s surface is exposed.
D. causes temporary damage or injury unless prompt medical care is provided.

A

A. requires specialized gear designed for protection against that particular hazard.

36
Q

Which of the following is NOT a responsibility of the treatment supervisor?

A. patient packaging
B. secondary triage
C. communication with the medical branch director
D. primary assessment

A

D. primary assessment

37
Q

Injuries or conditions that would be classified as first priority (red tag; immediate) include all of the following, EXCEPT:

A. severe medical problems.

B. fractures of multiple long bones.

C. any airway or breathing difficulty.

D. uncontrolled or severe hemorrhage.

A

​B. fractures of multiple long bones.

38
Q

The MOST appropriate location to park your ambulance at a HazMat incident is:

A. downwind at least 200′ from the scene.
B. uphill at least 25′ from the incident site.
C. upwind at least 100′ from the incident.
D. downhill at least 100′ from the incident.

A

C. upwind at least 100′ from the incident.

39
Q

You have a critically injured patient in the back of your ambulance, ready to be transported. There are other injured patients at the scene and it will be approximately 10 minutes before other ambulances will arrive. Law enforcement personnel are at the scene. You should:

A. assign the least injured patient the task of caring for the others.
B. remain at the scene until at least one other ambulance arrives.
C. direct a police officer to monitor the patients as you transport.
D. transport the critically injured patient to a trauma center.

A

B. remain at the scene until at least one other ambulance arrives

40
Q

You and your partner are the first to arrive at the scene of a motor vehicle accident. As you approach the scene, you can see multiple patients, some walking and others who are still in their vehicles. You should:

A. declare a mass-casualty incident and request additional resources.
B. immediately move all ambulatory patients to a designated area.
C. establish an incident command post until you are relieved of your duties.
D. begin rapidly triaging all patients before requesting additional help.

A

A. declare a mass-casualty incident and request additional resources.

41
Q

When victims involved in a mass-casualty incident are moved to the treatment area:

A. definitive care is provided and preparations for transport will be made.
B. secondary triage is performed and the appropriate treatment is rendered.
C. they will be rapidly assessed and prioritized according to their injuries.
D. all uninjured patients are placed in a holding area and closely observed.

A

B. secondary triage is performed and the appropriate treatment is rendered.

42
Q

According to the JumpSTART triage system, if a pediatric patient is not breathing, you should:

A. Look for posturing

B. Assess for a distal pulse

C. Assess neurologic status

D. assign an immediate category

A

B. Assess for a distal pulse

43
Q

Your work uniform is an example of what level of protection?

A. Level A protection

B. Level B protection

C. Level C protection

D. Level D protection

A

D. Level D protection

44
Q

The _______ supervisor is responsible for notifying area hospitals and determining their availability and capabilities.

A. Treatment

B. Medical

C. Triage

D. Transportation

A

D. Transportation

45
Q

During a HazMat incident, you are working in the treatment area. As patients are removed from the danger zone, you should:

A. remain where you are and have the patients brought to you.
B. quickly decontaminate the patients and begin assessing them.
C. perform a rapid assessment and then have them decontaminated.
D. retrieve patients from the decontamination area and begin treatment.

A

A. remain where you are and have the patients brought to you.

46
Q

Level _____ hazardous materials would cause irritation on contact but only mild residual injury, even
without treatment.

A. 0
B. 1
C. 2
D. 3

A

B. 1

47
Q

Which of the following questions is of LEAST pertinence when the EMT is determining whether or not to declare a mass-casualty incident and activate the ICS?

A. What will happen if there are more than two patients that require emergency care?
B. How long will it take for additional resources to arrive at the scene once requested?
C. How many paramedics are able to respond to the scene and provide advanced care?
D. How many seriously injured patients can be effectively cared for in my ambulance?

A

C. How many paramedics are able to respond to the scene and provide advanced care?

48
Q

A patient who has experienced a back injury, with or without spinal cord damage, would be triaged with a __________ tag during a mass-casualty incident.

A. red
B. green
C. black
D. yellow

A

D. yellow

49
Q

A critical function of the safety officer is to:

A. determine the most efficient approach to extricate a victim.
B. stop an emergency operation whenever a rescuer is in danger.
C. monitor emergency responders for signs of stress and anxiety.
D. brief responders during the demobilization phase of an incident.

A

B. stop an emergency operation whenever a rescuer is in danger.

50
Q

Command functions under the ICS include all of the following, EXCEPT:

A. triage officer.
B. safety officer.
C. liaison officer.
D. public information officer

A

A. triage officer.

51
Q

Which of your senses can be safely used to identify a HazMat incident?

A. sight and sound
B. sound and smell
C. smell and sight
D. sight and touch

A

A. sight and sound

52
Q

After primary triage, the triage supervisor should communicate all of the following information to the
medical branch officer, EXCEPT:

A. the total number of patients that have been triaged.
B. the recommended transport destination for each patient.
C. recommendations for movement to the treatment area.
D. the number of patients that are in each triage category.

A

B. the recommended transport destination for each patient.

53
Q

Unlike a mass-casualty incident, a natural disaster:

A. often requires personnel to remain on scene for several days.
B. exists when there are more than 100 critically injured patients.
C. is typically short-lived and does not require as much manpower.
D. usually does not require the ICS process.

A

A. often requires personnel to remain on scene for several days.

54
Q

Following proper decontamination, a 30-year-old male is brought to you. He is semiconscious and has rapid, shallow respirations. A quick visual assessment reveals no obvious bleeding. You should:

A. begin some form of positive-pressure ventilation.
B. ask a fire fighter what the patient was exposed to.
C. administer 100% oxygen via a nonrebreathing mask.
D. perform a rapid assessment to locate critical injuries.

A

A. begin some form of positive-pressure ventilation.

55
Q

Which of the following is probably NOT a multiple-casualty incident?

A. A loss of power to a hospital or nursing home with ventilator-dependent patients

B. A motor vehicle crash with two critically injured patients and two ambulances

C. An apartment fire with one patient and the possibility of others trapped in the building

D. Rollover crash of a school bus with eight children who have entries of varying severity

A

B. A motor vehicle crash with two critically injured patients and two ambulances

56
Q

A supervisor who has more than seven people reporting to him or her:

A. is more beneficial to the overall effort than a supervisor with fewer personnel because his or her team can accomplish more tasks.
B. should regularly report to the incident commander (IC) to inform him or her of the functions that his or her team is performing.
C. has exceeded an effective span of control and should divide tasks and delegate the supervision of some tasks to another person.
D. should assign a specific task to each person reporting to him or her and regularly follow up to ensure that the tasks were carried out.

A

C. has exceeded an effective span of control and should divide tasks and delegate the supervision of some tasks to another person.

57
Q

The development of an incident action plan is the responsibility of the:

A. planning section.
B. logistics section.
C. operations section.
D. finance section.

A

A. planning section.

58
Q

Which of the following statements regarding communications at a disaster or mass-casualty incident is correct?

A. Each command group should utilize a separate radio frequency.
B. Ten-codes or signals should be used when communicating via radio.
C. When possible, all communication should occur via two-way radio.
D. If possible, use face-to-face communications to minimize radio traffic.

A

D. If possible, use face-to-face communications to minimize radio traffic.

59
Q

According to the JumpSTART triage system, if a pediatric patient is not breathing, you should:

A. Immediately check for pulse

B. Give 5 rescue breaths and reassess

C. Triage him or her as expectant

D. Open the airway and reassess breathing

A

A. Immediately check for pulse

60
Q

Which of the following statements regarding storage containers and hazardous materials is correct?

A. the emergency response guide tells you the type and color container used to store hazardous materials

B. Red phosphorus from a drug laboratory found in the blue container that is clearly labeled

C. Steel utility drums are used to contain acid spaces and other corrosive chemicals and substances

D. In most cases, there is no correlation between the color of the container and the possible contents

A

D. In most cases, there is no correlation between the color of the container and the possible contents

61
Q

Historically, the weak point at most major incidents has been:

A. Communications

B. Lack of personnel

C. Accountability

D. Incident briefing

A

A. Communications

62
Q

A tour bus has overturned, resulting in numerous patients. When you arrive, you are immediately assigned to assist in the triage process. Patient 1 is a middle-aged male with respiratory distress, chest pain, and a closed deformity to his right forearm. Patient 2 is a young female who is conscious and alert, but has bilateral femur fractures and numerous abrasions to her arms and face. Patient 3 is an older woman who complains of abdominal pain and has a history of cardiovascular disease. Patient 4 is unresponsive, is not breathing, has a weak carotid pulse, and has a grossly deformed skull. What triage categories should you assign to these patients?

A. Patient 1, delayed (yellow); Patient 2, delayed (yellow); Patient 3, minimal (green); Patient 4, immediate (red)

B. Patient 1, immediate (red); Patient 2, delayed (yellow); Patient 3, immediate (red); Patient 4, expectant (black)

C. Patient 1, delayed (yellow); Patient 2, immediate (red); Patient 3, delayed (yellow); Patient 4, immediate (red)

D. Patient 1, immediate (red); Patient 2, minimal (green); Patient 3, delayed (yellow); Patient 4, expectant (black)

A

B. Patient 1, immediate (red); Patient 2, delayed (yellow); Patient 3, immediate (red); Patient 4, expectant (black)

63
Q

After recognizing that an incident involves a hazardous material, you should contact the hazardous materials team and then:

A. Identify the chemical using the emergency response guidebook

B. Not allow anyone within 25 feet to 50 feet of the incident scene

C. Don standard equipment before gaining access to the patient’s

D. Take measures to ensure the safety of yourself and others

A

D. Take measures to ensure the safety of yourself and others

64
Q

When a rehabilitation area is established at the scene of a mass-casualty incident, it should:

A. Be in a location that prevents visualizing of the scene itself

B. Provide rehabilitative services to both responders and patients

C. Be mandated that responders participate in the diffusing session

D. Be staffed by the treatment supervisor and at least one physician

A

A. Be in a location that prevents visualizing of the scene itself

65
Q

A patient in respiratory arrest at the scene of a mass-casualty incident would typically be classified as a fourth priority (black tag; expectant) patient, unless:

A. he or she has external signs of severe thoracic trauma.
B. there are enough resources to provide care for him or her.
C. he or she has signs of an injury to the cervical spine.
D. there are at least three other patients in respiratory arrest.

A

B. there are enough resources to provide care for him or her.

66
Q

Which of the following MOST accurately describes a mass-casualty incident?

A. an incident that greatly taxes or depletes a system’s available resources
B. an incident that involves more than five critically injured or ill patients
C. an incident in which at least half of the patients are critically injured
D. an incident where patients have been exposed to hazardous materials

A

A. an incident that greatly taxes or depletes a system’s available resources

67
Q

Which of the following chemicals requires identification with a placard, regardless of how many pounds the shipment weighs?

A. flammable liquids
B. water-reactive solids
C. air-reactive solids
D. nonflammable gases

A

B. water-reactive solids

68
Q

Placards and labels on a storage container are intended to:

A. give a general idea of the hazard inside that particular container

B. Advise responders of the appropriate neutralizing measures

C. Provide specific information about the chemical being carried

D. Broadly classify chemicals as being explosive or nonexplosive

A

A. give a general idea of the hazard inside that particular container

69
Q

You are triaging four patients who were involved in a head-on motor vehicle crash. Which of the following patients should be assigned the highest (red) triage category?

A. A 49-year-old female with diabetes and difficulty breathing

B. A 29-year-old male with bilaterally closed femur deformities

C. A 50-year-old male with an open head injury and no pulse

D. A 36-year-old female with back pain and numb extremities

A

A. A 49-year-old female with diabetes and difficulty breathing

70
Q

You are approaching an overturned tanker truck to assess the driver, who appears to be unresponsive. As you get closer to the vehicle, you note the smell of noxious fumes and find that you are in the midst of a vapor cloud. What should you do?

A. Exit the area immediately and gather information for the HazMat team

B. Cover your face with your shirt and quickly extricate the interim driver

C. Remain where you are and perform a visual assessment of the patient

D. Realize that you are in danger and prevent others from entering

A

A. Exit the area immediately and gather information for the HazMat team

71
Q

Which of the following duties or responsibilities does NOT fall within the realm of the medical branch of the incident command system?

A. Extrication

B. Triage

C. Treatment

D. Transport

A

A. Extrication