Unit 2 - Historical Ideas about Science

Question 1

M
R
S

G
R
E
N

Answer 1

M = ovement
R = espiration
S = ensitivity

G = rowth
R = eproduction
E = xcretion
N = utrition

Question 2

Which respected Greek thinker proposed that life arose from non-living material if the material contained ‘pneuma’?

Answer 2

Aristotle (384-322 BCE)

Question 3

Aristotle (384-322 BCE) was…

Answer 3

A respected Greek thinker who believed in spontaneous generation. He proposed that life arose from non-living material if the material contained ‘pneuma’.

Question 4

What is spontaneous generation?

Answer 4

Appearance of animals from environments previously devoid of animals

Question 5

Appearance of animals from environments previously devoid of animals is known as…

Answer 5

Spontaneous generation

Question 6

Frogs appearing on the bank of the Nile after flooding
Mice coming out of barns
Fish appearing in puddles

These are all examples of…

Answer 6

Spontaneous generation

Question 7

Give three examples of Spontaneous generation:

Answer 7

Frogs appearing on the bank of the Nile after flooding
Mice coming out of barns
Fish appearing in puddles

Question 8

Who set out to disprove the idea of spontaneous generation, using 6 jars of meat?

Answer 8

Francesco Redi

Question 9

What did Francesco Redi set out to disprove, and how?

Answer 9

He set out to disprove the idea of spontaneous generation, using 6 jars of meat.

2 open
2 with gauze
2 sealed

Maggots only found upon the meat of the open containers

Question 10

John Needham demonstrated the spontaneous generation of microorganisms using…

Answer 10

Broth that was briefly boiled and found to contain numerous microscopic creatures after a couple of days

Question 11

Who briefly boiled broth and found it to contain numerous microscopic creatures after a couple of days supporting the idea of spontaneous generation?

Answer 11

John Needham in 1745

Question 12

Who’s development of swan-neck flasks refuted the theory of spontaneous generation?

Answer 12

Louis Pasteur

Question 13

What did Louis Pasteur develop to help him to refuted the theory of spontaneous generation?

Answer 13

Swan-neck flasks

Question 14

Who developed glass?

Answer 14

The Romans

Question 15

The Romans developed…

Answer 15

Glass

Question 16

Who was the Dutch spectacle maker, who experimented with putting lenses in tubes, and developed the first compound microscope in the 1590s?

Answer 16

Zacharias Janssen

Question 17

Who was Zacharias Janssen and what did he develop?

Answer 17

Dutch spectacle maker, who experimented with putting lenses in tubes, and developed the first compound microscope in the 1590s

Question 18

Who constructed a microscope with a single spherical lens in the late 1600s, that magnified up to x275

Answer 18

Antonie van Leeuwenhoek

Question 19

What did Antonie van Leeuwenhoek develop?

Answer 19

He constructed a microscope with a single spherical lens in the late 1600s, that magnified up to x275

Question 20

In 1665 which British scientist discovered and drew

cells using acompound microscope.

Answer 20

Robert Hooke

Question 21

Who is Robert Hooke, and what did he discover and when?

Answer 21

He is a British scientist discovered and drew

cells using acompound microscope in 1665

Question 22

How did Hooke describe the cells he observed?

Answer 22

As hundreds of tiny

boxes, giving a honeycomb appearance

Question 23

‘Hundreds of tiny

boxes, giving a honeycomb appearance’ is a description of ‘what’ and by ‘whom’?

Answer 23

Plant cells under the microscope by Robert Hooke

Question 24

Who and in what year was the electron microscope developed?

Answer 24

1938: Ernst Ruska

Question 25

In 1938 Ernst Ruska developed what?

Answer 25

The electron microscope

Question 26

The electron microscope has helped our understanding of as by hugely improving…

Answer 26

Magnification and resolution