The Respiratory System Flashcards
1
Q
Inverse relationship between volume and pressure
A
Boyle’s Law
2
Q
- Each gas in a mixture exerts its own pressure
- The pressure of a specific gas in a mixture is its partial pressure
A
Dalton’s Law
3
Q
The quantity of a gas that will be dissolved in a liquid is proportional to the partial pressure of the gas and its solubility coefficient
A
Henry’s Law
4
Q
The rate of gas transfer is proportional to the tissue area, the diffusion coefficient of gas, and the partial pressure gradient across the tissue and is inversely proportional to the thickness
A
Fick’s Law
5
Q
Control of Ventilation
A
- Mainly controlled by brainstem
- Pneumotaxic centre
- Apneustic centre
- Chemoreceptors
- Peripheral
- Emergency detection for low O2
- Carotid receptors provide rapid response pH/CO2 detection
* Central (brainstem extracellular)
- Steady state control
- Peripheral
6
Q
- Line airways to end of respiratory bronchioles
- Possess cilia and secrete mucus
- Trap particulates
A
Airway epithelial cells
7
Q
- Alveolar squamous epithelial cells
- 1 cell wall forms alveoli structure
A
Type 1 cells
8
Q
- Alveolar epithelial cells
- Secrete surfactant
A
Type 2 cells
9
Q
- Mobile, phagocytic cells
A
Alveolar macrophage
10
Q
Minute Ventilation =
A
Tidal volume x breathing frequency
