Genetic Diagrams Flashcards

1
Q

What are alleles?

A

Different versions of the same gene

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2
Q

How are alleles represented in genetic diagrams?

A

Letters

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3
Q

What does Homozygous mean?

A

If an organism has 2 alleles for a particular gene that are the same

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4
Q

What does Heterozygous mean?

A

If an organism has 2 alleles for a particular gene that are different

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5
Q

If the 2 alleles are different, only one can determine what [ ] is present.

A

characteristic

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6
Q

What is a dominant allele?

A

The dominant allele is the allele for the characteristic that is shown. Capital letter

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7
Q

What is a recessive allele?

A

For an organism t display a recessive allele, both its alleles must be recessive. Small letter

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8
Q

What needs to happen for a dominant allele to be shown?

A

The organism can either be Cc or CC. because the dominant allele overrules the recessive alleles one if the animal is heterozygous

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9
Q

What’s a genotype?

A

Means what alleles you have

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10
Q

What’s a phenotype?

A

Means the actual characteristic (brown hair)

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11
Q

What’s a monohybrid?

A

When you cross 2 parents to look at just 1 characteristic

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12
Q

What is cystic fibrosis?

A

A genetic disorder of the cell membranes. It results in the body producing a lot of thick sticky mucus in the air passages and in the pancreas

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13
Q

cystic fibrosis is caused by [ ] allele

A

recessive ‘f’

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14
Q

About 1 in [ ] carry the cystic fibrosis allele

A

25

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15
Q

Who are carriers of cystic fibrosis?

A

Because it’s recessive, people with only one copy of the allele won’t have the disorder = carriers

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16
Q

If both parents are carriers what is the chance that their child will have cystic fibrosis?

A

1/4

17
Q

What is polydactyly?

A

A genetic disorder where a baby’s born wit extra fingers or toes. - not life threatening

18
Q

polydavtyly is caused by a [ ] allele, ‘[ ]’

A

Dominant, ‘D’

19
Q

Talk about who will inherit polydactyly

A

It can be inherited if just 1 parent carries the defective allele.
The parent that has the defective allele will be a sufferer too since the allele is dominant

20
Q

If 1 parent is heterozygous for polydactyly and the other parent is normal, what is the chance that their child will have polydactyly?

A

50%