Infancy Nutrition Flashcards
What type of breastmilk is produced in the first week of birth, rich in antibodies, fat-soluble vitamins and bifidus factor with a high protein profile?
Colostrum
What type of breastmilk is produced 7-14 days postpartum and the level of protein drops and fat increases?
Transition Milk
What type of breastmilk is produced 2 weeks to 7 months postpartum and 40% of energy is lactose, fat and vitamin concentrations affected by mother’s diet?
Mature Milk
What type of breastmilk is produced 7 months to 2 years and micronutrient concentrations drop over time?
Extended Lactation
What is milk secreted during feeding first that is high in carbs and low in fat and will occur for 10-15 min?
Foremilk
What is milk secreted during feeding last that is high in fat and will help with infant satiety?
Hindmilk
What are compounds that stimulate breastmilk production and secretion?
Galactogogues
What are examples of galactogogues?
beer, herbs and feverfew
Why shouldn’t cow’s milk be given prior to 1 year of age?
Not easily digestible and can stress the kidneys
What is breastmilk deficient in?
- Vitamin D
- Calcium
- Iron
- Fiber
When should solid foods be introduced to an infant?
6 months
When should iron be given to breastfed or formula fed infants?
Term breastfed: At 4 months.
Preterm breastfed: At 1 month
Formula Fed: No supplementation
When can meat products be added to an infant’s diet?
6-8 months begin with pureed meats
Is water necessary for an infant in the first year?
No
When should cheese, eggs & honey be introduced to infants?
Eggs: 6-8 months
Soft Cheese: 7-9 months
Honey, corn syrup: >12 months
