Measuring and understanding crime patterns (summer pack) Flashcards
What are the different types of social control?
Formal and informal.
Why is social control exerted on members of society?
I.O.T make sure that the levels of c+d do not get out of control and pose a threat to the social order of society.
What does social control ensure?
It ensures that only certain n+v are accepted and in doing so allows society to ‘police’ the boundaries.
Describe what is meant when it is said that: culture, socialisation and deviance is relative.
They change over time and are different in different parts of the world.
What are agencies of informal social control closely linked with?
These are closely linked to culture and socialisation.
What is informal social control based on?
It is based on a range of sanctions, both positive and negative.
Give a description of the agency of control: Legislature
Laws // This defines acceptable and bans unacceptable behaviour.
Give a description of the agency of control: Judiciary system
Courts // These decide on the penalties for those who offend or break the norms.
Give a description of the agency of control: Penal system
Prison // This system is used to isolate those defined as expressing unacceptable behaviour from the rest of society. This system also claims to re-educate offenders with the ‘correct’ n+v.
Give a description of the agency of control: Police and armed forces
These are used to repress those who break society’s norms, using armed force where necessary.
How does legislature exert both formal and informal control over people?
It gives people rules to follow and if they break them they can be arrested. This can act as a deterrent.
How does the judiciary system exert both formal and informal control over people?
They enforce the law and give punishments/ sentencing.
How does the penal system exert both formal and informal control over people?
Acts as the punishment for breaking the law. There are different types including rehabilitation.
How do the police and armed forces exert both formal and informal control over people?
The police are the body that have the power to arrest members of society.
What are the Police recorded statistics also known as?
Official crime statistics
