Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Vet Gross Anatomy > Nerves of the Head > Flashcards

Nerves of the Head Flashcards

1
Q

Cranial Nerve I

A
  • Olfactory
  • Sensory
  • Special sense: olfaction
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Cranial Nerve II

A
  • Optic
  • Sensory
  • Special sense: sight
  • Goes through optic canal
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Cranial Nerve III

A
  • Occulomotor
  • Motor
  • Innervates: dorsal, ventral, and medial rectus mm., ventral oblique m., and levator palpebrae superioris m.
  • Parasympathetic innervation to iris sphincter m. (constriction of pupil)
  • Leaves the orbital fissure
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Cranial Nerve IV

A
  • Trochlear
  • Motor
  • Innervates: dorsal oblique m.
  • Leaves orbital fissure
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Cranial Nerve V

A
  • Trigeminal
  • Sensory and Motor
  • 3 branches: Ophthalmic, Maxillary, Mandibular
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

CN V: Ophthalmic Branch

A
  • Sensory
  • Leaves orbital fissure
  • Innervates: globe, periorbita, nasal mucosa, and medial aspect of the palpebrae
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

CN V: Maxillary Branch

A
  • Sensory
  • Round foramen > alar canal > rostral alar foramen
  • Continues through infraorbital canal as the infraorbital nerve
  • Innervates: superior eyelid, nasal mucosa, superior teeth, superior lip and nose
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

CN V: Mandibular Branch

A
  • Sensory and Motor
  • Through oval foramen
  • Branches: buccal, lingual, inferior alveolar, mylohyoid, auriculotemporal
  • Motor innervation to muscles of mastication
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Cranial Nerve VI

A
  • Abducens
  • Motor
  • Innervates: lateral rectus m. and retractor bulbi m.
  • Through orbital fissure
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Cranial Nerve VII

A
  • Facial
  • Motor and Sensory
  • Innervates: muscles of facial expression, digastricus m.
  • Taste to caudal 1/3 of tongue
  • Parasympathetic to lacrimal gland and salicary gland
  • Branches: dorsal and ventral buccal, auriculopalpebral
  • Through stylomastoid foramen
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Cranial Nerve VIII

A
  • Vestibulocochlear
  • Sensory
  • Hearing and balance
  • Through internal acoustic meatus
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Cranial Nerve IX

A
  • Glossopharyngeal
  • Sensory: caudal 1/3 of tongue, and pharyngeal mucosa
  • Motor: pharynx
  • Parasympathetic: parotid and mucosal gland
  • Through jugular foramen and tympano-occipital fissure
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Cranial Nerve X

A
  • Vagus
  • Sensory and Motor
  • S: general visceral afferent, ear canal, larynx, pharynx, esophagus, trachea, thoracic and abdominal viscera
  • M: (PS) heart, lungs, abdomen, (S) pharynx and esophagus
  • Through jugular foramen and the tympano-occipital fissure
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Cranial Nerve XI

A
  • Accessory
  • Motor
  • Innervates: mastoid part of sternocephalicus and cleidocephalicus mm., cervical part of cleidocephalicus m., and trapezius m.
  • Through jugular foramen and tympano-occipital fissure
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Cranial Nerve XII

A
  • Hypoglossal
  • Motor
  • Innervates: extrinsic and intrinsic muscles of the tongue
  • Through hypoglossal canal
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What would a lesion of CN 1 look like?

How would you test the nerve?

A
  • animal off feed/decreased appetite
  • more likely secondary to other etiology

Treat:

  • hold out treat while animal is blindfolded
  • don’t use ammonia or noxious stimulant
17
Q

What would a lesion of CN II look like?

How would you test the nerve?

A
  • disruption in sense of sight: blindness
  • often noted only after environment changes

Test:

  • pupillary light reflex
  • menace response
  • visual placement reaction
  • obstacle course
  • tracking of a moving object
18
Q

What is the Pupillary Light Reflex?

What does it mean if it is negative?

A
  • shine light into one eye, both pupils should constrict
  • CN II recognizes light, CN III constricts pupil
  • if the pupil is dilated, CN III is damaged
19
Q

What would a lesion of CN III look like?

How would you test the nerve?

A
  • strabismus: static deviation of affected eye
  • eye will move lateral

Test

  • tracking of moving object while keeping head stready: look for bilateral movement
  • PLR
  • normal eye position
20
Q

What would a lesion of CN IV look like?

A
  • abnormal rotation of pupil: ventral pupil will be pulled medially by ventral oblique
  • lateral rotation of pupil
  • strabismus
21
Q

What would a lesion of CN V Ophthalmic branch look like?

A
  • decreased/absent corneal reflex: no sensation to cornea

- decreased/absent palpebral relfex if touching medial canthus

22
Q

What would a lesion of CN V Maxillary branch look like?

A
  • decreased/absent palpebral reflex if touching lateral canthus
  • decreased/absent response to pinching of upper lip
23
Q

What would a lesion of CN V Mandibular branch look like?

A
  • decreased/absent response to pinching of lower lip
  • decreased/absent ability to close mouth/poor jaw tone
  • atrophy of temporalis muscle
24
Q

What would a lesion of CN VI look like?

A
  • medial strabismus
  • decreased/absent ability to retract the globe (absent corneal reflex)
  • would not see third eyelid sweep across cornea
25
Q

What nerves are needed to coordinate eye movement?

A

Oculomotor (III)
Trochlear (IV)
Abducent (VI)

26
Q

What would a lesion of CN VII look like?

A
  • decreased/absent palpebral reflex
  • decreased/absent menace response
  • decreased/absent response to pinching of upper or lower lip (can still feel pain)
  • deviated philtrum to normal side
  • dropping/lack of facial expressions on affected side
27
Q

What would a lesion of CN VIII look like?

A
  • decreased/absent hearing

- head tilt, head turn, nystagmus, circling, leaning, ataxia

28
Q

What would a lesion of CN IX look like?

A
  • trouble with eating/swallowing
  • dysphagia (cough, gag, choke)
  • decreased gag reflex
29
Q

What would a lesion of CN X look like?

A
  • decreased/absent gag reflex

- increased heart rate, decreased gut sounds

30
Q

What would a lesion of CN XI look like?

A
  • possible gait change and altered head movement associated with inability to use innervated muscles
  • atrophy of neck muscles
  • laryngeal paralysis
31
Q

What would a lesion of CN XII look like?

A
  • difficulty eating/drinking
  • tongue set off to unaffected side
  • decreased tongue tone
  • complete paralysis of tongue if bilaterally affected
32
Q

What nerves are tested in the palpebral reflex?

A

Afferent: trigeminal
Efferent: facial

33
Q

What nerves are tested in the corneal reflex?

A

Afferent: ophthalmic branch of trigeminal
Efferent: abducens

34
Q

What nerves are tested in the menace response?

A

Afferent: optic
Efferent: facial

35
Q

What nerves are tested in the pupillary light reflex?

A

Afferent: optic
Efferent: occulomotor

36
Q

What nerves are tested in the gag reflex?

A

Afferent and efferent: glossopharyngeal and vagus

Vet Gross Anatomy (17 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions