Canine Pelvic Limb Fibrous Structures

Question 1

Sarcotuberous Ligament

Answer 1

runs from transverse processes of last sacral and first caudal vertebrae to the lateral angle of the ischiatic tuberosity
- absent in the cat

Question 2

Crural Extensor Retinaculum

Answer 2

• proximal to flexor surface of tarsus, on distal cranial tibia
• holds down tendons of long digital extensor and cranial tibial

Question 3

Tarsal Extensor Retinaculum

Answer 3

• attaches to the calcaneus

- holds down tendon of long digital extensor

Question 4

Flexor Retinaculum

Answer 4

binds tendon of lateral digital flexor in groove over the sustentaculum tali

Question 5

Femoropatellar Ligaments

Answer 5

• medial and lateral ligaments

- thin fascial bands extending between the patella and gastrocnemial sesamoid bones

Question 6

Lateral and Medial Menisci

Answer 6

• between femoral and tibial condyles
• semilunar in appearance
• secured by meniscotibial ligaments
• lateral meniscus attached to intercondylar fossa of femur via meniscofemoral ligament

Question 7

Medial and Lateral Collateral Ligaments

Answer 7

medial: extends from medial epicondyle of femur to medial side of tibia
lateral: extends from lateral epicondyle of femur, over tendon of origin of popliteus, to head of fibula and lateral condyle of tibia

Question 8

Cranial and Caudal Cruciate Ligaments

Answer 8

both attach within intercondylar fossa of femur

• Cranial: to caudomedial part of lateral condyle, and extends distocranially to cranial intercondylar area of tibia
• Caudal: to medial condyle, and extends to medial edge of popliteal notch of tibia

Question 9

Tarsal Tunnel

Answer 9

• Dorsal: sustentaculum tali
• Lateral: calcanean tuber
• Plantar: flexor retinaculum
• contains tendon of lateral digital flexor

Question 10

Plantar Annular Ligament

Answer 10

runs over the flexor manica on the distal end of the metatarsus

Question 11

Proximal and Distal Digital Annular Ligaments

Answer 11

hold SDF and DDF in place at proximal and middle phalanges

Question 12

Dorsal (Elastic) Ligament

Answer 12

attaches to inguinal crest of distal phalanx and base of middle phalanx
- allows cat to retract claws

Question 13

Deep Inguinal Ring

borders

Answer 13

Cranial: caudal border of internal abdominal oblique
Medial: lateral border of rectus abdominis
Caudolateral: inguinal ligament