Development

Question 1

Industry types

Answer 1

Primary - using natural resources eg. farming
Secondary - making it eg. manufacture
Tertiary - providing a service eg. teacher
Quaternary - Research and development eg. software developer

Question 2

Definition of Standard of living

Answer 2

How well off a person or country is focusing purely on the economy

Question 3

Definition of Quality of life

Answer 3

A measure of how happy and content people are with their lives

Question 4

HDI

Answer 4

A statistic used to rank countries by level of ‘human development’

Question 5

Physical factors causing a development gap

Answer 5

Landlocked countries
Lack of natural resources
Natural Hazards
Lack of access to safe drinking water 
Inhospitable climate

Question 6

Economic factors causing a development gap

Answer 6

Unfair trade
Over reliance on farming
Growth of MNCs
Lack of technology
In debt to other countries

Question 7

Political factors causing a development gap

Answer 7

Internal instability

Corruption

Question 8

Cultural factors causing a development gap

Answer 8

Indigenous tribes choosing traditional ways of life

Some societies don’t see the value in material goods

Question 9

Historical Factors causing a development gap

Answer 9

Former colonies were left in turmoil after given independence eg. India

Question 10

Causes of changes over time

Answer 10

Rising costs
Transport
Technology
Competition
Outsourcing

Question 11

Outsourcing

Answer 11

Saves money as work is sent elsewhere where it can be done for cheaper

Question 12

Technology

Answer 12

Advances in ICT means more work from home

Question 13

Transport

Answer 13

Makes corrupting & migrating easier because there are fewer barriers to travel

Question 14

Competition

Answer 14

Fewer people are needed to work now eg. banking uses ICT

Question 15

Rising costs

Answer 15

As wage increases it means costs go up in MEDCs so work moves elsewhere eg. manufacturing

Question 16

Location factors for different industries

Answer 16

Raw materials 
Transport links
Capital
Government policy
Energy supply
Environment
Labour (skilled/cheap)
Topography

Question 17

Definition of Globalisation

Answer 17

Worldwide interconnectedness & interdependence

Question 18

Reasons for Globalistion

Answer 18

International trade links
Development of MNCs Companies working in NICs
Government support
Free trade system
Improved technology
Easier transport links
Flexible migration of migration of workers

Question 19

Primary decrease over time

Answer 19

Improvements in tech leads to more machines replacing workers
Raw materials becoming cheaper to import
Jobs with fewer career prospects

Question 20

Secondary decrease over time

Answer 20

Technology replacing workers

Cheap labour in other countries

Question 21

Tertiary increase over time

Answer 21

Aspirations increase

Urban population increase

Question 22

Positives of MNCs in LEDCs

Answer 22

Employment
Higher wages
Improved skills of local population
Leads it local businesses developing with newly skilled workforce
Improved trading position
More tax ➡️ GDP increase ➡️ spent on health, education etc.

Question 23

Negatives of MNCs in LEDCs

Answer 23

Clash of cultures
No job security
MMCs influencing political decisions
Environmental impacts (CO2 emissions from transporting goods to MEDCs to be sold)